On the demonstration of ω-3 essential-fatty-acid deficiency in humans

In the few reported cases of human ω-3 fatty acid deficiency, the clinical conditions described probably resulted from either combined ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid deficiencies (leading to skin lesions) or from complications arising from special medical situations, such as long-term total parental nutrition with an ω-3-deficient fat preparation, such as safflower oil. These reports plus the experimental animal studies do call attention to the fact that those who devise enteral formula diets or parenteral fluids should always consider that both series of fatty acids (ω-6 and ω-3) must be included in the total diet as essential nutrients. This consideration is especially important if the feeding period is months or even years or if in the short-term continuous glucose infusion blocks the release of these essential fatty acids from adipose tissue stores. The deficient state, biochemically identifiable, can arise in a few days under the latter circumstance.