TY - JOUR
T1 - Intravitreal moxifloxacin
T2 - Retinal safety study with electroretinography and histopathology in animal models
AU - Gao, Hua
AU - Pennesi, Mark E.
AU - Qiao, Xiaoxi
AU - Iyer, Mohan N.
AU - Wu, Samuel M.
AU - Holz, Eric R.
AU - Mieler, William F.
PY - 2006/4
Y1 - 2006/4
N2 - PURPOSE. To determine whether moxifloxacin can be used safely as an intraocular antibiotic, retinal safety of intravitreal moxifloxacin was studied with electroretinography (ERG) and histopathology in animal models. METHODS. Moxifloxacin was injected into mouse eyes at intravitreal concentrations of 5 to 500 μg/mL and into rabbit eyes at 150 μg/mL. As the control, the vehicle was injected into the fellow eyes of each animal. Four weeks after injection, ERG recordings were performed, and animal eyes were processed for histologic examination. RESULTS. ERG studies showed no significant difference between control and moxifloxacin-injected eyes at any dose in either the mouse or rabbit model. Histologic examination revealed no retinal abnormality in mice at 5 to 100 μg/mL or in rabbits at 150 μg/mL intravitreal moxifloxacin. In mice at 500 μg/mL, occasional focal retinal necroses were observed, suggesting isolated retinal toxicity at this concentration of moxifloxacin. CONCLUSIONS. Intravitreal moxifloxacin, up to 100 μg/mL in mice or 150 μg/mL in rabbits, caused no ERG or retinal histologic abnormality. These results indicate that moxifloxacin is a safe intravitreal antibiotic in mouse and rabbit animal models. If proven safe and efficacious by further study in humans, intravitreal injection of moxifloxacin could be considered as an alternative to currently used antibiotics in selected patients with resistance or allergy to the more traditional antibiotics.
AB - PURPOSE. To determine whether moxifloxacin can be used safely as an intraocular antibiotic, retinal safety of intravitreal moxifloxacin was studied with electroretinography (ERG) and histopathology in animal models. METHODS. Moxifloxacin was injected into mouse eyes at intravitreal concentrations of 5 to 500 μg/mL and into rabbit eyes at 150 μg/mL. As the control, the vehicle was injected into the fellow eyes of each animal. Four weeks after injection, ERG recordings were performed, and animal eyes were processed for histologic examination. RESULTS. ERG studies showed no significant difference between control and moxifloxacin-injected eyes at any dose in either the mouse or rabbit model. Histologic examination revealed no retinal abnormality in mice at 5 to 100 μg/mL or in rabbits at 150 μg/mL intravitreal moxifloxacin. In mice at 500 μg/mL, occasional focal retinal necroses were observed, suggesting isolated retinal toxicity at this concentration of moxifloxacin. CONCLUSIONS. Intravitreal moxifloxacin, up to 100 μg/mL in mice or 150 μg/mL in rabbits, caused no ERG or retinal histologic abnormality. These results indicate that moxifloxacin is a safe intravitreal antibiotic in mouse and rabbit animal models. If proven safe and efficacious by further study in humans, intravitreal injection of moxifloxacin could be considered as an alternative to currently used antibiotics in selected patients with resistance or allergy to the more traditional antibiotics.
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U2 - 10.1167/iovs.05-0702
DO - 10.1167/iovs.05-0702
M3 - Article
C2 - 16565399
AN - SCOPUS:33645973716
SN - 0146-0404
VL - 47
SP - 1606
EP - 1611
JO - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
JF - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
IS - 4
ER -