TY - JOUR
T1 - Intradermal Inoculation With Heptavax-B
T2 - Immune Response and Histologic Evaluation of Injection Sites
AU - Clarke, Jessica A.
AU - Hollinger, F. Blaine
AU - Lewis, Ernest
AU - Russell, Liisa A.
AU - Miller, Claramae H.
AU - Huntley, Art
AU - Flynn, Neil M.
PY - 1989/11/10
Y1 - 1989/11/10
N2 - The high cost of hepatitis B vaccine has limited its widespread use. Low-dose, intradermal injections of vaccine represent one option for reducing the cost. In this study, 92 nonimmune medical students were given three 0.1-mL intradermal injections of Heptavax-B containing 2 μg of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at 0,1, and 6 months. By 6 months, 90% of the subjects had developed protective levels of antibody to HBsAg (≥10 mlU/mL). Follow-up at 1 year showed a geometric mean concentration of antibodies to HBsAg of 396 mlU/mL for the group, and 95% had levels of antibody to HBsAg greater than or equal to 10 mlU/mL. A level of antibody to HBsAg of greater than 100 mlU/mL also was observed in more than 75% of subjects. Side effects included induration of the inoculation site in 18% at 6 months, which disappeared by 12 months, and macules that persisted at 1 year in 63%. The administration of hepatitis B vaccine intradermally is an attractive, low-cost alternative in the United States, where universal vaccination of preschool children or adolescents is being contemplated, and where booster doses are being considered.
AB - The high cost of hepatitis B vaccine has limited its widespread use. Low-dose, intradermal injections of vaccine represent one option for reducing the cost. In this study, 92 nonimmune medical students were given three 0.1-mL intradermal injections of Heptavax-B containing 2 μg of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at 0,1, and 6 months. By 6 months, 90% of the subjects had developed protective levels of antibody to HBsAg (≥10 mlU/mL). Follow-up at 1 year showed a geometric mean concentration of antibodies to HBsAg of 396 mlU/mL for the group, and 95% had levels of antibody to HBsAg greater than or equal to 10 mlU/mL. A level of antibody to HBsAg of greater than 100 mlU/mL also was observed in more than 75% of subjects. Side effects included induration of the inoculation site in 18% at 6 months, which disappeared by 12 months, and macules that persisted at 1 year in 63%. The administration of hepatitis B vaccine intradermally is an attractive, low-cost alternative in the United States, where universal vaccination of preschool children or adolescents is being contemplated, and where booster doses are being considered.
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U2 - 10.1001/jama.1989.03430180109039
DO - 10.1001/jama.1989.03430180109039
M3 - Article
C2 - 2530364
AN - SCOPUS:0012008280
SN - 0098-7484
VL - 262
SP - 2567
EP - 2571
JO - JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
JF - JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
IS - 18
ER -