TY - JOUR
T1 - Human Milk Fatty Acid Composition
T2 - Comparison of Novel Dried Milk Spot Versus Standard Liquid Extraction Methods
AU - Rudolph, Michael C.
AU - Young, Bridget E.
AU - Jackson, Kristina Harris
AU - Krebs, Nancy F.
AU - Harris, William S.
AU - MacLean, Paul S.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to express our sincere appreciation to all of our study participants and those who provided critical reading. 3 MCR is supported by Building Interdisciplinary Careers in Women's Health NIH K-12 HD057022, NICHD T32-HD007186 training grant, and Nutrition and Obesity Research Center pilot funding P30-DK048520. BEY by NICHD F32-HD0978068, T32-DK007658-21, Thrasher Research Fund Early Career Award, and Center for Women's Health Research. NFK by K24-DK083772. PSM by P01-HD038129, P50 HD073063, R01 CA164166, and R01-HD075285. Lipid mass spectrometry supported by Dr. Robert Murphy and NIH/NCATS Colorado CTSA Grant UL1 TR001082. OmegaQuant internally funded the dried milk spot analysis. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
PY - 2016/12/1
Y1 - 2016/12/1
N2 - Accurate assessment of the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) content of human milk (HM) provides a powerful means to evaluate the FA nutrient status of breastfed infants. The conventional standard for FA composition analysis of HM is liquid extraction, trans-methylation, and analyte detection resolved by gas chromatography. This standard approach requires fresh or frozen samples, storage in deep freeze, organic solvents, and specialized equipment in processing and analysis. Further, HM collection is often impractical for many studies in the free living environment, particularly for studies in developing countries. In the present study, we compare a novel and more practical approach to sample collection and processing that involves the spotting and drying ~50 μL of HM on a specialized paper stored and transported at ambient temperatures until analysis. Deming regression indicated the two methods aligned very well for all LC-PUFA and the abundant HM FA. Additionally, strong correlations (r > 0.85) were observed for DHA, ARA, EPA, linoleic (LA), and alpha-linolenic acids (ALA), which are of particular interest to the health of the developing infant. Taken together, our data suggest this more practical and inexpensive method of collection, storage, and transport of HM milk samples could dramatically facilitate studies of HM, as well as understanding its lipid composition influences on human health and development.
AB - Accurate assessment of the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) content of human milk (HM) provides a powerful means to evaluate the FA nutrient status of breastfed infants. The conventional standard for FA composition analysis of HM is liquid extraction, trans-methylation, and analyte detection resolved by gas chromatography. This standard approach requires fresh or frozen samples, storage in deep freeze, organic solvents, and specialized equipment in processing and analysis. Further, HM collection is often impractical for many studies in the free living environment, particularly for studies in developing countries. In the present study, we compare a novel and more practical approach to sample collection and processing that involves the spotting and drying ~50 μL of HM on a specialized paper stored and transported at ambient temperatures until analysis. Deming regression indicated the two methods aligned very well for all LC-PUFA and the abundant HM FA. Additionally, strong correlations (r > 0.85) were observed for DHA, ARA, EPA, linoleic (LA), and alpha-linolenic acids (ALA), which are of particular interest to the health of the developing infant. Taken together, our data suggest this more practical and inexpensive method of collection, storage, and transport of HM milk samples could dramatically facilitate studies of HM, as well as understanding its lipid composition influences on human health and development.
KW - Fatty acid composition
KW - Human milk
KW - Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
KW - Mass spectrometry
KW - Omega-3
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U2 - 10.1007/s10911-016-9365-4
DO - 10.1007/s10911-016-9365-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 27796616
AN - SCOPUS:84992724577
VL - 21
SP - 131
EP - 138
JO - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia
JF - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia
SN - 1083-3021
IS - 3-4
ER -