Gaps, tensions, and conflicts in the FDA approval process: Implications for clinical practice

Medicine & Life Sciences

• Drug Approval 100%
• United States Food and Drug Administration 77%
• Equipment and Supplies 46%
• Conflict of Interest 39%
• Pharmaceutical Preparations 32%
• Postmarketing Product Surveillance 29%
• Drug Recalls 28%
• Fees and Charges 19%
• Ownership 18%
• Organized Financing 18%
• Psychological Burnout 18%
• Marketing 16%
• Advisory Committees 16%
• Cost-Benefit Analysis 13%
• Pressure 10%
• Physicians 9%
• Safety 9%

Social Sciences

• Clinical Practice 71%
• drug 52%
• conflict of interest 21%
• consulting fees 19%
• stock ownership 17%
• surgery 10%
• surveillance 8%
• grant 8%
• marketing 7%
• criticism 7%
• physician 7%
• costs 5%
• evidence 4%
• time 3%