Executive functions and ADHD in adults: Evidence for selective effects on ADHD symptom domains

Joel T. Nigg; Gillian Stavro; Mark Ettenhofer; David Z. Hambrick; Torri Miller; John M. Henderson

doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.3.706

Executive functions and ADHD in adults: Evidence for selective effects on ADHD symptom domains

Joel T. Nigg, Gillian Stavro, Mark Ettenhofer, David Z. Hambrick, Torri Miller, John M. Henderson

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

212 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dual-process models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that both executive functioning and regulatory functions (e.g., processing speed) are involved and that executive function weaknesses may be associated specifically with symptoms of inattention-disorganization but not hyperactivity-impulsivity. Adults aged 18-37 (105 with ADHD, 90 controls) completed a neuropsychological battery. The ADHD group had weaker performance than did the control group (p < .01) on both executive and speed measures. Symptoms of inattention-disorganization were uniquely related to executive functioning with hyperactivity-impulsivity controlled. Inattention was associated with slower response speed, and hyperactivity-impulsivity with faster output speed. Results were not accounted for by IQ, age, gender, education level, or comorbid disorders. Findings are discussed in terms of developmental and dual-process models of ADHD leading into adulthood.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	706-717
Number of pages	12
Journal	Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Volume	114
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.114.3.706
State	Published - Nov 2005
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

ADHD
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Dual-process model
Executive functioning
Regulatory functions

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Psychiatry and Mental health
Biological Psychiatry

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10.1037/0021-843X.114.3.706

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title = "Executive functions and ADHD in adults: Evidence for selective effects on ADHD symptom domains",

abstract = "Dual-process models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that both executive functioning and regulatory functions (e.g., processing speed) are involved and that executive function weaknesses may be associated specifically with symptoms of inattention-disorganization but not hyperactivity-impulsivity. Adults aged 18-37 (105 with ADHD, 90 controls) completed a neuropsychological battery. The ADHD group had weaker performance than did the control group (p < .01) on both executive and speed measures. Symptoms of inattention-disorganization were uniquely related to executive functioning with hyperactivity-impulsivity controlled. Inattention was associated with slower response speed, and hyperactivity-impulsivity with faster output speed. Results were not accounted for by IQ, age, gender, education level, or comorbid disorders. Findings are discussed in terms of developmental and dual-process models of ADHD leading into adulthood.",

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AU - Miller, Torri

AU - Henderson, John M.

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Executive functions and ADHD in adults: Evidence for selective effects on ADHD symptom domains

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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