Treosulfan, Fludarabine, and Low-Dose Total Body Irradiation for Children and Young Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Prospective Phase II Trial of the Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium

Eneida R. Nemecek, Ralf A. Hilger, Alexia Adams, Bronwen E. Shaw, Deidre Kiefer, Jennifer Le-Rademacher, John E. Levine, Gregory Yanik, Wing Leung, Julie An Talano, Paul Haut, David Delgado, Neena Kapoor, Aleksandra Petrovic, Roberta Adams, Rabi Hanna, Hemalatha Rangarajan, Jignesh Dalal, Joseph Chewning, Michael R. VernerisStacy Epstein, Lauri Burroughs, Evelio D. Perez-Albuerne, Michael A. Pulsipher, Colleen Delaney

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

This multicenter study evaluated a treosulfan-based regimen in children and young adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). Forty patients with median age 11 years (range, 1 to 19) underwent allogeneic HCT for AML in first (n = 18), second (n = 11), and third or greater remission (n = 3) or MDS (n = 8) using bone marrow (n = 25), peripheral blood stem cells (n = 5), or cord blood (n = 9). The regimen consisted of body surface area (BSA)-based treosulfan 10 g/m 2 /day (BSA ≤.5 m 2 ), 12 g/m 2 /day (BSA >.5 to 1.0 m 2 ), or 14 g/m 2 /day (BSA > 1.0 m 2 ) on days −6 to −4; fludarabine 30 mg/m 2 /day on days −6 to −2; and a single fraction of 200 cGy total body irradiation on day −1. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis included tacrolimus and methotrexate for marrow and peripheral blood stem cell and cyclosporine/mycophenolate mofetil for cord blood. One-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and nonrelapse mortality were 80%, 73%, and 3%, respectively. One-year relapse was 38% for AML and 13% for MDS. No serious organ toxicities were observed. All 37 assessable patients engrafted. Cumulative incidences of grades II to IV acute GVHD and chronic GVHD were 22% and 40%, respectively. BSA-based treosulfan dosing resulted in predictable area under the curve and maximum concentration, which is required for dosing without measuring individual pharmacokinetic parameters. Observed differences in pharmacokinetics did not impact disease control or regimen toxicity. This BSA-based treosulfan regimen resulted in excellent engraftment and disease-free survival and minimal toxicity and transplant-related mortality (3%) in children and young adults with AML and MDS.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1651-1656
Number of pages6
JournalBiology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Volume24
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2018

Keywords

  • Acute myeloid leukemia
  • Conditioning regimen
  • Myelodysplastic syndromes
  • Stem cell transplantation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Hematology
  • Transplantation

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