Thyronamines are isozyme-specific substrates of deiodinases

S. Piehl, T. Heberer, G. Balizs, T. S. Scanlan, R. Smits, B. Koksch, Josef Köhrle

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

68 Scopus citations

Abstract

3-Iodothyronamine (3-T1AM)andthyronamine (T0AM)are novel endogenous signaling molecules that exhibit great structural similarity to thyroid hormones but apparently antagonize classical thyroid hormone (T 3) actions. Their proposed biosynthesis from thyroid hormones would require decarboxylation and more or less extensive deiodination. Deiodinases (Dio1, Dio2, and Dio3) catalyze the removal of iodine from their substrates. Because a role of deiodinases in thyronamine biosynthesis requires their ability to accept thyronamines as substrates, we investigated whether thyronamines are converted by deiodinases. Thyronamines were incubated with isozyme-specific deiodinase preparations. Deiodination products were analyzed using a newly established method applying liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Phenolic ring deiodinations of 3,3′,5′- triiodothyronamine (rT3AM), 3′,5′-diiodothyronamine (3′,5′-T2AM), and 3,3′-diiodothyronamine (3,3′-T2AM) as well as tyrosyl ring deiodinations of 3,5,3′-triiodothyronamine (T3AM) and 3,5-diiodothyronamine (3,5-T2AM) were observed with Dio1. These reactions were completely inhibited by the Dio1-specific inhibitor 6n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). Dio2 containing preparations also deiodinated rT3AM and 3′,5′-T 2AM at the phenolic rings but in a PTU-insensitive fashion. All thyronamines with tyrosyl ring iodine atoms were 5(3)-deiodinated by Dio3-containing preparations. In functional competition assays, the newly identified thyronamine substrates inhibited an established iodothyronine deiodination reaction. By contrast, thyronamines that had been excluded as deiodinase substrates in LC-MS/MS experiments failed to show any effect in the competition assays, thus verifying the former results. These data support a role for deiodinases in thyronamine biosynthesis and contribute to confining the biosynthetic pathways for 3-T1AM and T0AM.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)3037-3045
Number of pages9
JournalEndocrinology
Volume149
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2008

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology

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