TY - JOUR
T1 - The subcellular distribution of alpha-tocopherol in the adult primate brain and its relationship with membrane arachidonic acid and its oxidation products
AU - Mohn, Emily S.
AU - Kuchan, Matthew J.
AU - Erdman, John W.
AU - Neuringer, Martha
AU - Matthan, Nirupa R.
AU - Oliver Chen, Chung Yen
AU - Johnson, Elizabeth J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Emily E. Johnson and the ONPRC Veterinary Pathology Service assisted with brain tissue collection. Jean Gallucio, Audrey Goldbaum, and Kathryn Baldyga at Tufts University performed brain region and membrane fatty acid and protein analysis. This work was supported by a grant from Abbott Nutrition through the Center for Nutrition, Learning, and Memory (CNLM) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, DSM Nutritional Products, and USDA under grant 8050-51000-095-01S.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: Emily E. Johnson and the ONPRC Veterinary Pathology Service assisted with brain tissue collection. Jean Gallucio, Audrey Goldbaum, and Kathryn Baldyga at Tufts University performed brain region and membrane fatty acid and protein analysis. This work was supported by a grant from Abbott Nutrition through the Center for Nutrition, Learning, and Memory (CNLM) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, DSM Nutritional Products, and USDA under grant 8050-51000-095-01S.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2017/12
Y1 - 2017/12
N2 - The relationship between α-tocopherol, a known antioxidant, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation, has not been directly investigated in the primate brain. This study characterized the membrane distribution of α-tocopherol in brain regions and investigated the association between membrane α-tocopherol and PUFA content, as well as brain PUFA oxidation products. Nuclear, myelin, mitochondrial, and neuronal membranes were isolated using a density gradient from the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cerebellum (CER), striatum (ST), and hippocampus (HC) of adult rhesus monkeys (n = 9), fed a stock diet containing vitamin E (α -γ-tocopherol intake: ~0.7 µmol/kg body weight/day, ~5 µmol/kg body weight/day, respectively). α -tocopherol, PUFAs, and PUFA oxidation products were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-GC/MS) respectively. α-Tocopherol (ng/mg protein) was highest in nuclear membranes (p < 0.05) for all regions except HC. In PFC and ST, arachidonic acid (AA, µg/mg protein) had a similar membrane distribution to α-tocopherol. Total α-tocopherol concentrations were inversely associated with AA oxidation products (isoprostanes) (p < 0.05), but not docosahexaenoic acid oxidation products (neuroprostanes). This study reports novel data on α-tocopherol accumulation in primate brain regions and membranes and provides evidence that α-tocopherol and AA are similarly distributed in PFC and ST membranes, which may reflect a protective effect of α-tocopherol against AA oxidation.
AB - The relationship between α-tocopherol, a known antioxidant, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation, has not been directly investigated in the primate brain. This study characterized the membrane distribution of α-tocopherol in brain regions and investigated the association between membrane α-tocopherol and PUFA content, as well as brain PUFA oxidation products. Nuclear, myelin, mitochondrial, and neuronal membranes were isolated using a density gradient from the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cerebellum (CER), striatum (ST), and hippocampus (HC) of adult rhesus monkeys (n = 9), fed a stock diet containing vitamin E (α -γ-tocopherol intake: ~0.7 µmol/kg body weight/day, ~5 µmol/kg body weight/day, respectively). α -tocopherol, PUFAs, and PUFA oxidation products were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-GC/MS) respectively. α-Tocopherol (ng/mg protein) was highest in nuclear membranes (p < 0.05) for all regions except HC. In PFC and ST, arachidonic acid (AA, µg/mg protein) had a similar membrane distribution to α-tocopherol. Total α-tocopherol concentrations were inversely associated with AA oxidation products (isoprostanes) (p < 0.05), but not docosahexaenoic acid oxidation products (neuroprostanes). This study reports novel data on α-tocopherol accumulation in primate brain regions and membranes and provides evidence that α-tocopherol and AA are similarly distributed in PFC and ST membranes, which may reflect a protective effect of α-tocopherol against AA oxidation.
KW - Arachidonic acid
KW - Brain
KW - Isoprostanes
KW - Membranes
KW - Rhesus monkey
KW - α-tocopherol
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85040923577&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85040923577&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/antiox6040097
DO - 10.3390/antiox6040097
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85040923577
SN - 2076-3921
VL - 6
JO - Antioxidants
JF - Antioxidants
IS - 4
M1 - 97
ER -