The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial: Study design and rationale

Joseph P. Ornato; Mary Ann McBurnie; Graham Nichol; Marcel Salive; Myron Weisfeldt; Barbara Riegel; James Christenson; Thomas Therndrup; Mohamud Daya; N. Clay Mann; Brent Shaum; Kimberlee Brown; Kammy Jacobsen; Robert Zalenski; Scott Compton; Robert Dunne; Robert Swor; Robert Welch; Lynn Marie Mango; Kristen Bilicki; Mary D. Gunnels; Jerris R. Hedges; Jonathan Jui; Terri Schmidt; Lynn Wittwer; Heather Brooks; Christopher Burke; Denise Griffiths; Lance B. Becker; Anne Barry; Ellen Demertsidies; Michael R. Sayre; Jim Christenson; Sarah Pennington; Allan Holmes; Heather Payne; Roland Webb; Nadia Douglas; Patricia Lawson; Mark C. Henry; Scott Johnson; Edward R. Stapleton; Jonathan VanZile; Michael Ottaway; Robert E. O'Connor; Patricia McGraw; Missy Bollinger; Ross E. Megargel; Stephen Ehrlich; Bruce Haynes; Linda Asbury; Shannon Stephens; Sarah D. McNutt; William J. Groh; Deb Cordes; Susan J. Bondurant; Max Harry Weil; Michael Osur; Brian MacGavin; Britta Myrin; Ruchir Sehra; Vijayaraghavan Krishnaswami; Thomas Mattioni; Vince N. Mosesso; Brian K. Slater; Venard J. Campbell; David Hostler; Richard A. Craven; Lois A. Bosken; Patricia Burke; Judith Paulsen; Gary Newton; Lynne D. Richardson; Frederick Ehlert; Christopher Freyberg; Neal Richmond; Christopher Shields; Ilene Wilets; Jennifer Holohan; Andy R. Anton; Constance D. Jones; Stephen Yahn; Dennis Rabel; David B. Reed; Lawrence H. Brown; Lisa M. Evans; Brian D. Mahoney; Rachel Knudson-Ballard; Mary Ann Peberdy; Elizabeth Ferry Godburn; Daniel Harker; J. Jerry Overton; Richard O. Cummins; Alidene Doherty; Tom P. Aufderheide; Ronald G. Pirrallo; Lisa Parmenter; Laura Grabowski; Eleanor B. Schron

doi:10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2

The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial: Study design and rationale

Joseph P. Ornato, Mary Ann McBurnie, Graham Nichol, Marcel Salive, Myron Weisfeldt, Barbara Riegel, James Christenson, Thomas Therndrup, Mohamud Daya, N. Clay Mann, Brent Shaum, Kimberlee Brown, Kammy Jacobsen, Robert Zalenski, Scott Compton, Robert Dunne, Robert Swor, Robert Welch, Lynn Marie Mango, Kristen BilickiMary D. Gunnels, Jerris R. Hedges, Jonathan Jui, Terri Schmidt, Lynn Wittwer, Heather Brooks, Christopher Burke, Denise Griffiths, Lance B. Becker, Anne Barry, Ellen Demertsidies, Michael R. Sayre, Jim Christenson, Sarah Pennington, Allan Holmes, Heather Payne, Roland Webb, Nadia Douglas, Patricia Lawson, Mark C. Henry, Scott Johnson, Edward R. Stapleton, Jonathan VanZile, Michael Ottaway, Robert E. O'Connor, Patricia McGraw, Missy Bollinger, Ross E. Megargel, Stephen Ehrlich, Bruce Haynes, Linda Asbury, Shannon Stephens, Sarah D. McNutt, William J. Groh, Deb Cordes, Susan J. Bondurant, Max Harry Weil, Michael Osur, Brian MacGavin, Britta Myrin, Ruchir Sehra, Vijayaraghavan Krishnaswami, Thomas Mattioni, Vince N. Mosesso, Brian K. Slater, Venard J. Campbell, David Hostler, Richard A. Craven, Lois A. Bosken, Patricia Burke, Judith Paulsen, Gary Newton, Lynne D. Richardson, Frederick Ehlert, Christopher Freyberg, Neal Richmond, Christopher Shields, Ilene Wilets, Jennifer Holohan, Andy R. Anton, Constance D. Jones, Stephen Yahn, Dennis Rabel, David B. Reed, Lawrence H. Brown, Lisa M. Evans, Brian D. Mahoney, Rachel Knudson-Ballard, Mary Ann Peberdy, Elizabeth Ferry Godburn, Daniel Harker, J. Jerry Overton, Richard O. Cummins, Alidene Doherty, Tom P. Aufderheide, Ronald G. Pirrallo, Lisa Parmenter, Laura Grabowski, Eleanor B. Schron

Emergency Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

90 Scopus citations

Abstract

The PAD Trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical study testing whether volunteer, non-medical responders can improve survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA) by using automated external defibrillators (AEDs). These lay volunteers, who have no traditional responsibility to respond to a medical emergency as part of their primary job description, will form part of a comprehensive, integrated community approach to the treatment of OOH-CA. The study is being conducted at 24 field centers in the United States and Canada. Approximately 1000 community units (e.g. apartment or office buildings, gated communities, sports facilities, senior centers, shopping malls, etc.) were randomized to treatment by trained laypersons who will provide either cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) alone or CPR plus use of an AED, while awaiting arrival of the community's emergency medical services responders. The primary endpoint is the number of OOH-CA victims who survive to hospital discharge. Secondary endpoints include neurological status, health-related quality of life (HRQL), cost, and cost-effectiveness. Data collection will last approximately 15 months and is expected to be completed in September 2003.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	135-147
Number of pages	13
Journal	Resuscitation
Volume	56
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2
State	Published - Feb 1 2003

Keywords

Automated external defibrillator (AED)
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Defibrillation
Emergency medical services (EMS)
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA)
Ventricular fibrillation (VF)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Emergency Medicine
Emergency
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Access to Document

10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2

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Ornato, J. P., McBurnie, M. A., Nichol, G., Salive, M., Weisfeldt, M., Riegel, B., Christenson, J., Therndrup, T., Daya, M., Mann, N. C., Shaum, B., Brown, K., Jacobsen, K., Zalenski, R., Compton, S., Dunne, R., Swor, R., Welch, R., Mango, L. M., ... Schron, E. B. (2003). The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial: Study design and rationale. Resuscitation, 56(2), 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2

Ornato, JP, McBurnie, MA, Nichol, G, Salive, M, Weisfeldt, M, Riegel, B, Christenson, J, Therndrup, T, Daya, M, Mann, NC, Shaum, B, Brown, K, Jacobsen, K, Zalenski, R, Compton, S, Dunne, R, Swor, R, Welch, R, Mango, LM, Bilicki, K, Gunnels, MD, Hedges, JR, Jui, J, Schmidt, T, Wittwer, L, Brooks, H, Burke, C, Griffiths, D, Becker, LB, Barry, A, Demertsidies, E, Sayre, MR, Christenson, J, Pennington, S, Holmes, A, Payne, H, Webb, R, Douglas, N, Lawson, P, Henry, MC, Johnson, S, Stapleton, ER, VanZile, J, Ottaway, M, O'Connor, RE, McGraw, P, Bollinger, M, Megargel, RE, Ehrlich, S, Haynes, B, Asbury, L, Stephens, S, McNutt, SD, Groh, WJ, Cordes, D, Bondurant, SJ, Weil, MH, Osur, M, MacGavin, B, Myrin, B, Sehra, R, Krishnaswami, V, Mattioni, T, Mosesso, VN, Slater, BK, Campbell, VJ, Hostler, D, Craven, RA, Bosken, LA, Burke, P, Paulsen, J, Newton, G, Richardson, LD, Ehlert, F, Freyberg, C, Richmond, N, Shields, C, Wilets, I, Holohan, J, Anton, AR, Jones, CD, Yahn, S, Rabel, D, Reed, DB, Brown, LH, Evans, LM, Mahoney, BD, Knudson-Ballard, R, Peberdy, MA, Godburn, EF, Harker, D, Overton, JJ, Cummins, RO, Doherty, A, Aufderheide, TP, Pirrallo, RG, Parmenter, L, Grabowski, L & Schron, EB 2003, 'The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial: Study design and rationale', Resuscitation, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2

@article{eac90c907f434eacad64bace3ab88625,

title = "The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial: Study design and rationale",

abstract = "The PAD Trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical study testing whether volunteer, non-medical responders can improve survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA) by using automated external defibrillators (AEDs). These lay volunteers, who have no traditional responsibility to respond to a medical emergency as part of their primary job description, will form part of a comprehensive, integrated community approach to the treatment of OOH-CA. The study is being conducted at 24 field centers in the United States and Canada. Approximately 1000 community units (e.g. apartment or office buildings, gated communities, sports facilities, senior centers, shopping malls, etc.) were randomized to treatment by trained laypersons who will provide either cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) alone or CPR plus use of an AED, while awaiting arrival of the community's emergency medical services responders. The primary endpoint is the number of OOH-CA victims who survive to hospital discharge. Secondary endpoints include neurological status, health-related quality of life (HRQL), cost, and cost-effectiveness. Data collection will last approximately 15 months and is expected to be completed in September 2003.",

keywords = "Automated external defibrillator (AED), Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), Defibrillation, Emergency medical services (EMS), Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA), Ventricular fibrillation (VF)",

author = "Ornato, {Joseph P.} and McBurnie, {Mary Ann} and Graham Nichol and Marcel Salive and Myron Weisfeldt and Barbara Riegel and James Christenson and Thomas Therndrup and Mohamud Daya and Mann, {N. Clay} and Brent Shaum and Kimberlee Brown and Kammy Jacobsen and Robert Zalenski and Scott Compton and Robert Dunne and Robert Swor and Robert Welch and Mango, {Lynn Marie} and Kristen Bilicki and Gunnels, {Mary D.} and Hedges, {Jerris R.} and Jonathan Jui and Terri Schmidt and Lynn Wittwer and Heather Brooks and Christopher Burke and Denise Griffiths and Becker, {Lance B.} and Anne Barry and Ellen Demertsidies and Sayre, {Michael R.} and Jim Christenson and Sarah Pennington and Allan Holmes and Heather Payne and Roland Webb and Nadia Douglas and Patricia Lawson and Henry, {Mark C.} and Scott Johnson and Stapleton, {Edward R.} and Jonathan VanZile and Michael Ottaway and O'Connor, {Robert E.} and Patricia McGraw and Missy Bollinger and Megargel, {Ross E.} and Stephen Ehrlich and Bruce Haynes and Linda Asbury and Shannon Stephens and McNutt, {Sarah D.} and Groh, {William J.} and Deb Cordes and Bondurant, {Susan J.} and Weil, {Max Harry} and Michael Osur and Brian MacGavin and Britta Myrin and Ruchir Sehra and Vijayaraghavan Krishnaswami and Thomas Mattioni and Mosesso, {Vince N.} and Slater, {Brian K.} and Campbell, {Venard J.} and David Hostler and Craven, {Richard A.} and Bosken, {Lois A.} and Patricia Burke and Judith Paulsen and Gary Newton and Richardson, {Lynne D.} and Frederick Ehlert and Christopher Freyberg and Neal Richmond and Christopher Shields and Ilene Wilets and Jennifer Holohan and Anton, {Andy R.} and Jones, {Constance D.} and Stephen Yahn and Dennis Rabel and Reed, {David B.} and Brown, {Lawrence H.} and Evans, {Lisa M.} and Mahoney, {Brian D.} and Rachel Knudson-Ballard and Peberdy, {Mary Ann} and Godburn, {Elizabeth Ferry} and Daniel Harker and Overton, {J. Jerry} and Cummins, {Richard O.} and Alidene Doherty and Aufderheide, {Tom P.} and Pirrallo, {Ronald G.} and Lisa Parmenter and Laura Grabowski and Schron, {Eleanor B.}",

note = "Funding Information: Supported by: Contract #N01–HC–95177 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; American Heart Association, Dallas, TX; Medtronic/Physio-Control Corporation, Redmond, WA; Guidant Corporation, Minneapolis, MN; Cardiac Science/Survivalink, Incorporated, Minneapolis, MN; Philips Corporation/Heartstream Operation, Seattle, WA; and Laerdal Corporation, Minneapolis, MN. ",

year = "2003",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "56",

pages = "135--147",

journal = "Resuscitation",

issn = "0300-9572",

publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",

number = "2",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial

T2 - Study design and rationale

AU - Ornato, Joseph P.

AU - McBurnie, Mary Ann

AU - Nichol, Graham

AU - Salive, Marcel

AU - Weisfeldt, Myron

AU - Riegel, Barbara

AU - Christenson, James

AU - Therndrup, Thomas

AU - Daya, Mohamud

AU - Mann, N. Clay

AU - Shaum, Brent

AU - Brown, Kimberlee

AU - Jacobsen, Kammy

AU - Zalenski, Robert

AU - Compton, Scott

AU - Dunne, Robert

AU - Swor, Robert

AU - Welch, Robert

AU - Mango, Lynn Marie

AU - Bilicki, Kristen

AU - Gunnels, Mary D.

AU - Hedges, Jerris R.

AU - Jui, Jonathan

AU - Schmidt, Terri

AU - Wittwer, Lynn

AU - Brooks, Heather

AU - Burke, Christopher

AU - Griffiths, Denise

AU - Becker, Lance B.

AU - Barry, Anne

AU - Demertsidies, Ellen

AU - Sayre, Michael R.

AU - Christenson, Jim

AU - Pennington, Sarah

AU - Holmes, Allan

AU - Payne, Heather

AU - Webb, Roland

AU - Douglas, Nadia

AU - Lawson, Patricia

AU - Henry, Mark C.

AU - Johnson, Scott

AU - Stapleton, Edward R.

AU - VanZile, Jonathan

AU - Ottaway, Michael

AU - O'Connor, Robert E.

AU - McGraw, Patricia

AU - Bollinger, Missy

AU - Megargel, Ross E.

AU - Ehrlich, Stephen

AU - Haynes, Bruce

AU - Asbury, Linda

AU - Stephens, Shannon

AU - McNutt, Sarah D.

AU - Groh, William J.

AU - Cordes, Deb

AU - Bondurant, Susan J.

AU - Weil, Max Harry

AU - Osur, Michael

AU - MacGavin, Brian

AU - Myrin, Britta

AU - Sehra, Ruchir

AU - Krishnaswami, Vijayaraghavan

AU - Mattioni, Thomas

AU - Mosesso, Vince N.

AU - Slater, Brian K.

AU - Campbell, Venard J.

AU - Hostler, David

AU - Craven, Richard A.

AU - Bosken, Lois A.

AU - Burke, Patricia

AU - Paulsen, Judith

AU - Newton, Gary

AU - Richardson, Lynne D.

AU - Ehlert, Frederick

AU - Freyberg, Christopher

AU - Richmond, Neal

AU - Shields, Christopher

AU - Wilets, Ilene

AU - Holohan, Jennifer

AU - Anton, Andy R.

AU - Jones, Constance D.

AU - Yahn, Stephen

AU - Rabel, Dennis

AU - Reed, David B.

AU - Brown, Lawrence H.

AU - Evans, Lisa M.

AU - Mahoney, Brian D.

AU - Knudson-Ballard, Rachel

AU - Peberdy, Mary Ann

AU - Godburn, Elizabeth Ferry

AU - Harker, Daniel

AU - Overton, J. Jerry

AU - Cummins, Richard O.

AU - Doherty, Alidene

AU - Aufderheide, Tom P.

AU - Pirrallo, Ronald G.

AU - Parmenter, Lisa

AU - Grabowski, Laura

AU - Schron, Eleanor B.

N1 - Funding Information: Supported by: Contract #N01–HC–95177 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; American Heart Association, Dallas, TX; Medtronic/Physio-Control Corporation, Redmond, WA; Guidant Corporation, Minneapolis, MN; Cardiac Science/Survivalink, Incorporated, Minneapolis, MN; Philips Corporation/Heartstream Operation, Seattle, WA; and Laerdal Corporation, Minneapolis, MN.

PY - 2003/2/1

Y1 - 2003/2/1

N2 - The PAD Trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical study testing whether volunteer, non-medical responders can improve survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA) by using automated external defibrillators (AEDs). These lay volunteers, who have no traditional responsibility to respond to a medical emergency as part of their primary job description, will form part of a comprehensive, integrated community approach to the treatment of OOH-CA. The study is being conducted at 24 field centers in the United States and Canada. Approximately 1000 community units (e.g. apartment or office buildings, gated communities, sports facilities, senior centers, shopping malls, etc.) were randomized to treatment by trained laypersons who will provide either cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) alone or CPR plus use of an AED, while awaiting arrival of the community's emergency medical services responders. The primary endpoint is the number of OOH-CA victims who survive to hospital discharge. Secondary endpoints include neurological status, health-related quality of life (HRQL), cost, and cost-effectiveness. Data collection will last approximately 15 months and is expected to be completed in September 2003.

AB - The PAD Trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical study testing whether volunteer, non-medical responders can improve survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA) by using automated external defibrillators (AEDs). These lay volunteers, who have no traditional responsibility to respond to a medical emergency as part of their primary job description, will form part of a comprehensive, integrated community approach to the treatment of OOH-CA. The study is being conducted at 24 field centers in the United States and Canada. Approximately 1000 community units (e.g. apartment or office buildings, gated communities, sports facilities, senior centers, shopping malls, etc.) were randomized to treatment by trained laypersons who will provide either cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) alone or CPR plus use of an AED, while awaiting arrival of the community's emergency medical services responders. The primary endpoint is the number of OOH-CA victims who survive to hospital discharge. Secondary endpoints include neurological status, health-related quality of life (HRQL), cost, and cost-effectiveness. Data collection will last approximately 15 months and is expected to be completed in September 2003.

KW - Automated external defibrillator (AED)

KW - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

KW - Defibrillation

KW - Emergency medical services (EMS)

KW - Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA)

KW - Ventricular fibrillation (VF)

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U2 - 10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2

DO - 10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00442-2

M3 - Review article

C2 - 12589986

AN - SCOPUS:12244312757

SN - 0300-9572

VL - 56

SP - 135

EP - 147

JO - Resuscitation

JF - Resuscitation

IS - 2

ER -

The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial: Study design and rationale

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Keywords

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