The impact of hydrosalpinx on successful pregnancy in tubal factor infertility treated by in vitro fertilization

Objective: To determine the impact of hydrosalpinx on pregnancy rates in patients undergoing IVF for infertility caused by tubal disease. Design: Review of the records of all patients who had undergone IVF for tubal factor infertility at our institution between May 1988 and October 1994. Setting: A university-sponsored, hospital-based IVF facility. Patient(s): Two hundred fifty patients were identified with infertility due to tubal disease; 67 of these had at least one documented hydrosalpinx whereas the remaining 183 did not. Main Outcome Measure(s): Numbers of oocytes retrieved and fertilized, the number of embryos transferred and implanting, and resulting pregnancy rates. Result(s): The groups were similar in age and cycle cancellation rates. The patients with hydrosalpinx had greater numbers of oocytes retrieved per cycle (15.0 versus 11.6) and embryos transferred per cycle then those without hydrosalpinges (4.21 versus 3.98). The hydrosalpinx group also undertook more cycles per patient (2.31 versus 1.96). Fertilization rates between the two groups were similar, but implantation rates were decreased in those with hydrosalpinx (8.5% versus 11.2%). Conclusion(s): Hydrosalpinx did not result in impaired ovarian stimulation or decreased oocyte fertilization. It did, however, interfere with implantation and reduce to some degree the success of IVF in achieving an ongoing pregnancy. The validity of routine salpingectomy for hydrosalpinx is debatable, but its use in selected individuals may well be appropriate.