TY - JOUR
T1 - The efficacy of postoperative ondansetron (Zofran®) orally disintegrating tablets for preventing nausea and vomiting after acoustic neuroma surgery
AU - Hartsell, Theresa
AU - Long, Donlin
AU - Kirsch, Jeffrey R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported, in part, by GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
PY - 2005/11
Y1 - 2005/11
N2 - Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a frequent complication of craniotomy. We evaluated the ability of intraoperative IV ondansetron followed by postoperative ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation to reduce the frequency and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial of 60 patients undergoing acoustic neuroma resection. Each patient received intraoperative ondansetron (4 mg IV) or placebo 30 min before case end. Postoperatively, patients received ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation (8 mg BID) or placebo twice a day for up to 72 h. Metoclopramide was available as rescue therapy for both groups. Severity of nausea (as measured on a 10-cm visual scale), number of emetic episodes, and requirement for rescue therapy were recorded. In the immediate postoperative period, nausea severity was less in patients treated with ondansetron than placebo (3.3 ± 4.1 versus 7.3 ± 4.2; P < 0.001) and fewer patients experienced vomiting (3 of 28 versus 11 of 32; χ2 P < 0.01). More patients required some form of rescue treatment in the placebo group on the first postoperative day (26 of 32 versus 16 of 28; χ2 P < 0.01). We conclude that after acoustic neuroma surgery IV ondansetron treatment prevents immediate postoperative nausea and vomiting. Postoperative treatment with ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation was associated with less frequent rescue therapy as compared with placebo on the first postoperative day.
AB - Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a frequent complication of craniotomy. We evaluated the ability of intraoperative IV ondansetron followed by postoperative ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation to reduce the frequency and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial of 60 patients undergoing acoustic neuroma resection. Each patient received intraoperative ondansetron (4 mg IV) or placebo 30 min before case end. Postoperatively, patients received ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation (8 mg BID) or placebo twice a day for up to 72 h. Metoclopramide was available as rescue therapy for both groups. Severity of nausea (as measured on a 10-cm visual scale), number of emetic episodes, and requirement for rescue therapy were recorded. In the immediate postoperative period, nausea severity was less in patients treated with ondansetron than placebo (3.3 ± 4.1 versus 7.3 ± 4.2; P < 0.001) and fewer patients experienced vomiting (3 of 28 versus 11 of 32; χ2 P < 0.01). More patients required some form of rescue treatment in the placebo group on the first postoperative day (26 of 32 versus 16 of 28; χ2 P < 0.01). We conclude that after acoustic neuroma surgery IV ondansetron treatment prevents immediate postoperative nausea and vomiting. Postoperative treatment with ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation was associated with less frequent rescue therapy as compared with placebo on the first postoperative day.
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U2 - 10.1213/01.ANE.0000181007.01219.38
DO - 10.1213/01.ANE.0000181007.01219.38
M3 - Article
C2 - 16244017
AN - SCOPUS:27444444688
SN - 0003-2999
VL - 101
SP - 1492
EP - 1496
JO - Anesthesia and analgesia
JF - Anesthesia and analgesia
IS - 5
ER -