The association of intraosseous vascular access and survival among pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Floyd Besserer, Takahisa Kawano, Justin Dirk, Garth Meckler, Janice A. Tijssen, Allan DeCaen, Frank Scheuermeyer, Suzanne Beno, Jim Christenson, Brian Grunau

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: In pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) the effect of intraosseous (IO) or intravenous (IV) access on outcomes is unclear. Methods: We analyzed prospectively collected data of non-traumatic OHCA in the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium registry from 2011 to 2015. We included EMS-treated patients ≤17 years of age, classified patients based on vascular access routes, and calculated success rates of IO and IV attempts. After excluding patients with obvious non-cardiac etiologies and those with unsuccessful vascular access or multiple routes, we fit a logistic regression model to evaluate the association of IO vascular access (reference IV access) with the primary outcome of survival, using multiple imputation to address missing data. We analyzed a subgroup of patients at least 2 years of age. Results: There were 1549 non-traumatic OHCA: 895 (57.8%) patients had an IO line attempted with 822 (91.8%) successful; 488 (31.5%) had an IV line attempted with 345 (70.7%) successful (difference 21%, 95% CI 17 to 26%). Of the 761 patients included in our logistic regression, 601 received IO (30 [5.2%] survived) and 160 received IV (40 [25%] survived) vascular access. Intraosseous access was associated with a decreased probability of survival (adjusted OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.21–0.98). Patients at least 2 years of age showed a similar association (adjusted OR 0.36; CI 0.15–0.86). Conclusions: Intraosseous access was associated with decreased survival among pediatric non-traumatic OHCA. These results are exploratory and support the need for further study to evaluate the effect of intravascular access method on outcomes.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)49-57
Number of pages9
JournalResuscitation
Volume167
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2021
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Cardiac arrest
  • Emergency medical services
  • Intraosseous
  • Pediatric
  • Vascular access

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Emergency
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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