The Adult With Congenital Heart Disease

The majority of infants born with congenital heart disease are now expected to reach adulthood. As a group, however, those with defects of moderate or great complexity remain at risk for arrhythmias, heart failure, repeat interventions, and premature mortality in adulthood. The experience of living with a lifelong medical condition may contribute to unique psychosocial experiences and an increased risk of psychological distress, particularly depression and anxiety. Other potential challenges include impaired social interactions, managing the transition from pediatric to adult health care, and advance care planning. Given these psychosocial challenges, it is important to develop and evaluate strategies to optimize the quality of life of adults with congenital heart disease.