TY - JOUR
T1 - Temperament and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
T2 - The Development of a Multiple Pathway Model
AU - Nigg, Joel T.
AU - Goldsmith, H. Hill
AU - Sachek, Jennifer
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Institute of Mental Health Grants R01 MH59105 and MH63146 to Joel Nigg. Analyses reported from Goldsmith’s research program were supported by National Institute of Mental Health Grants R37 MH59785 (Goldsmith, PI) and R01 MH44340 (Marilyn J. Essex, PI).
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - This article outlines the parallels between major theories of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and relevant temperament domains, summarizing recent research from our laboratories on (a) child temperament and (b) adult personality traits related to ADHD symptoms. These data are convergent in suggesting a role of effortful control and regulation in the core symptoms of ADHD, Negative approach and anger is also associated with ADHD, but this may be due to the overlap of ADHD and antisocial behavior. Positive approach may be involved in an alternate pathway to ADHD. The involvement of effortful control is congruent with experimental findings of executive functioning deficits in children with ADHD. We hypothesize that, whereas regulation problems may occur in most children with ADHD, a subgroup also may be characterized by positive approach problems and another subgroup by negative approach problems. We conclude with a theorized multiple process developmental model outlining alternate pathways to ADHD that warrant empirical investigation to better resolve etiological heterogeneity in ADHD.
AB - This article outlines the parallels between major theories of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and relevant temperament domains, summarizing recent research from our laboratories on (a) child temperament and (b) adult personality traits related to ADHD symptoms. These data are convergent in suggesting a role of effortful control and regulation in the core symptoms of ADHD, Negative approach and anger is also associated with ADHD, but this may be due to the overlap of ADHD and antisocial behavior. Positive approach may be involved in an alternate pathway to ADHD. The involvement of effortful control is congruent with experimental findings of executive functioning deficits in children with ADHD. We hypothesize that, whereas regulation problems may occur in most children with ADHD, a subgroup also may be characterized by positive approach problems and another subgroup by negative approach problems. We conclude with a theorized multiple process developmental model outlining alternate pathways to ADHD that warrant empirical investigation to better resolve etiological heterogeneity in ADHD.
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U2 - 10.1207/S15374424JCCP3301_5
DO - 10.1207/S15374424JCCP3301_5
M3 - Review article
C2 - 15028540
AN - SCOPUS:1542718371
SN - 1537-4416
VL - 33
SP - 42
EP - 53
JO - Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
JF - Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
IS - 1
ER -