TY - JOUR
T1 - Systemic coagulation changes caused by pulmonary artery catheters
T2 - Laboratory findings and clinical correlation
AU - King, David R.
AU - Cohn, Stephen M.
AU - Feinstein, Ara J.
AU - Proctor, Kenneth G.
AU - Shapiro, Michael
AU - Schreiber, Martin A.
AU - Levine, Jeffrey H.
AU - Bokhari, Faran
AU - Nagy, Kimberly
PY - 2005/10
Y1 - 2005/10
N2 - Background: A higher rate of pulmonary embolism has been associated with pulmonary artery (PA) catheters; however, no mechanism has been described. Conventional tests of coagulation reveal no changes related to PA catheterization. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PA catheterization resulted in a hypercoagulable state detectable by thrombelastography (TEG). Methods: Animal: Healthy, anesthetized, swine (n = 19) underwent PA catheterization. Samples were drawn from TF femoral arterial catheters before and two hours after PA catheterization, at 5 mL/ min, and analyzed (native whole blood, n = 15, kaolin activated blood, n = 4) by TEG (Hemoscope, Niles, IL) at precisely two minutes. Human: An IRB-approved prospective, observational trial was conducted in critically ill patients (n = 19). Samples were drawn from 22-gauge radial artery catheters, before and three hours after PA catheterization. Kaolin-activated TEG samples were analyzed at precisely five minutes. Data are mean ± SE; Groups were compared with analysis of variance and significance was assessed at the 95% confidence interval. Results: In both animals and patients, PA catheterization truncated R times (time to initial fibrin formation). In swine, the R times were 17.6 ± 1.3 minutes (native) and 3.8 ± 04 (kaolin) before PA catheterization, and decreased to 6.3 ± 1.0 minutes (p = 0.002) and 1.9 ± 0.5 minutes (p = 0.010) afterward. There were no changes in pH or temperature during the experiment. In patients, 4 of 19 were excluded for protocol violations. The R time was 6.3 ± 1.0 minutes (kaolin) before and 3.0 ± 0.3 minutes after catheterization (p = 0.003). No changes were observed in conventional coagulation parameters, temperature or pH. Conclusion: In healthy swine, and critically ill patients, PA catheters may enhance thrombin formation and fibrin polymerization, indicating a systemic hypercoagulable state. This may explain why PA catheters are associated with an increased risk of pulmonary emboli.
AB - Background: A higher rate of pulmonary embolism has been associated with pulmonary artery (PA) catheters; however, no mechanism has been described. Conventional tests of coagulation reveal no changes related to PA catheterization. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PA catheterization resulted in a hypercoagulable state detectable by thrombelastography (TEG). Methods: Animal: Healthy, anesthetized, swine (n = 19) underwent PA catheterization. Samples were drawn from TF femoral arterial catheters before and two hours after PA catheterization, at 5 mL/ min, and analyzed (native whole blood, n = 15, kaolin activated blood, n = 4) by TEG (Hemoscope, Niles, IL) at precisely two minutes. Human: An IRB-approved prospective, observational trial was conducted in critically ill patients (n = 19). Samples were drawn from 22-gauge radial artery catheters, before and three hours after PA catheterization. Kaolin-activated TEG samples were analyzed at precisely five minutes. Data are mean ± SE; Groups were compared with analysis of variance and significance was assessed at the 95% confidence interval. Results: In both animals and patients, PA catheterization truncated R times (time to initial fibrin formation). In swine, the R times were 17.6 ± 1.3 minutes (native) and 3.8 ± 04 (kaolin) before PA catheterization, and decreased to 6.3 ± 1.0 minutes (p = 0.002) and 1.9 ± 0.5 minutes (p = 0.010) afterward. There were no changes in pH or temperature during the experiment. In patients, 4 of 19 were excluded for protocol violations. The R time was 6.3 ± 1.0 minutes (kaolin) before and 3.0 ± 0.3 minutes after catheterization (p = 0.003). No changes were observed in conventional coagulation parameters, temperature or pH. Conclusion: In healthy swine, and critically ill patients, PA catheters may enhance thrombin formation and fibrin polymerization, indicating a systemic hypercoagulable state. This may explain why PA catheters are associated with an increased risk of pulmonary emboli.
KW - Coagulation
KW - Pulmonary Artery Catheter
KW - Pulmonary Embolism
KW - Swine
KW - Thromboelastography
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U2 - 10.1097/01.ta.0000187656.26849.39
DO - 10.1097/01.ta.0000187656.26849.39
M3 - Article
C2 - 16374273
AN - SCOPUS:30044435117
SN - 0022-5282
VL - 59
SP - 853
EP - 859
JO - Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care
JF - Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care
IS - 4
ER -