Symptoms and Manifestations of Hyperthyroidism

Surgery is the most definitive, and often the preferred, treatment option for hyperthyroidism that results from a variety of causes. Total thyroidectomy is the mainstay of surgical therapy for Graves’ disease and toxic multinodular goiter, whereas thyroid lobectomy is curative for solitary toxic adenomas. With proper preoperative evaluation and preparation, surgery for hyperthyroidism can be accomplished safely and expeditiously. This chapter discusses the factors to be considered when selecting treatment with antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioiodine ablation, or surgery. The specifics of surgery for the most common causes of hyperthyroidism are also reviewed.