Abstract
Objective: To study the direct action and physiological role of antimüllerian hormone (AMH) in regulating ovarian follicular development and function in vivo in primates. Design: Animals were assigned to six treatment sequences in a crossover design study. Intraovarian infusion was performed during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle with agents including: control vehicle; recombinant human AMH (rhAMH); and neutralizing anti–human AMH antibody (AMHAb). Before ovariectomy after the final treatment, the animals received intravenous injections of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Setting: National primate research center. Animal(s): Adult female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Cycle length, follicle cohorts, and serum steroid levels were assessed. Ovarian histology, as well as granulosa cell (GC) proliferation and oocyte viability, were evaluated. Result(s): In vehicle-infused ovaries, a dominant follicle was observed at midcycle E2 peak. However, rhAMH-treated ovaries exhibited an increased number of small antral follicles, whereas AMHAb-treated ovaries developed multiple large antral follicles. Serum E2 levels in the follicular phase decreased after rhAMH infusion and increased after AMHAb infusion. The rhAMH infusion increased serum T levels. Whereas early-growing follicles of rhAMH-treated ovaries contained BrdU-positive GCs, antral follicles containing BrdU-positive GCs were identified in AMHAb-treated ovaries. Autophagy was observed in oocytes of early-growing and antral follicles exposed to AMHAb and rhAMH, respectively. Conclusion(s): AMH enhanced early-stage follicle growth, but prevented antral follicle development and function via its stage-dependent regulation of GC proliferation and oocyte viability. This study provides information relevant to the pathophysiology of ovarian dysfunction and the treatment of infertility.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 161-171 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | F and S Science |
Volume | 1 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2020 |
Keywords
- Antimüllerian hormone
- antral follicle
- early-growing follicle
- intraovarian infusion
- primate
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Reproductive Medicine
- Embryology