@article{21c1fb310998401d8bceff243d3210eb,
title = "Sex-specific differences in the salivary microbiome of caries-active children",
abstract = "Background and Objectives: Dental caries is a chronic disease affecting young children and has multi-factorial risk factors. The purpose of this work was to identify sex-specific differences in the salivary microbiota within caries-active children. Design: Saliva specimens were collected from 85 children (boys: 41; girls: 44) between the ages of 2-12 years. Salivary microbial DNA was subjected to PCR amplification using V3-V4 16S rDNA-specific primers and next-generation sequencing. Results: Significant sex differences in salivary microbiota were found between caries-active boys versus caries-active girls. Neisseria flavescens, Rothia aeria, and Haemophilus pittmaniae were found at significantly higher levels in caries-active boys. In contrast, Lactococcus lactis, Selenomonas species HOT 126, Actinobaculum species HOT 183, Veillonella parvula, and Alloprevotella species HOT 473 were found at significantly higher levels in caries-active girls. Conclusion: We have found the acid-generating, cariogenic Lactococcus lactis to be much more abundant in caries-active girls than caries-active boys, indicating that this microorganism may play a more significant role in shaping the cariogenic microbiome in girls. In addition, in caries-active girls, Alloprevotella species HOT 473 was the only species that exhibited both significant sex differences (4.4-fold difference; p=0.0003) as well as high abundance in numbers (1.85% of the total microbial population).",
keywords = "Salivary microbiome, children, dental caries, oral microbiome, sex differences",
author = "Stephanie Ortiz and Elisa Herrman and Claudia Lyashenko and Anne Purcell and Kareem Raslan and Brandon Khor and Michael Snow and Anna Forsyth and Dongseok Choi and Tom Maier and Machida, {Curtis A.}",
note = "Funding Information: SO, EH and CL are equal contributors to this work. EH is a recipient of the Dean{\textquoteright}s Student Research Fellowship Award from the OHSU School of Dentistry, and was the OHSU-SCADA student representative at the 2019 IADR Meeting in Vancouver, BC, Canada (June 19-22, 2019). KR is also the current recipient of the AADR Student Research Day Award, supporting travel to the 2020 IADR Meeting in Washington, DC (March 18-21, 2020). SO, EH, KR, BK, and MS are students in the academic DMD degree program at the OHSU School of Dentistry. CL is the Clinical Study Coordinator for our project and AP is a graduating resident in the Pediatric Dentistry program. TM and CM receive salary support from the OHSU School of Dentistry and AF has an adjunct appointment at the School of Dentistry. This project and CM were also supported in part by NIH DE024317. We thank Dr. Kim Kutsch, who provided several caries-free study participants from his private dental practice in Albany, Oregon, and for establishing and supporting with Carifree (Albany, Oregon), the Bob Bowers Memorial Award for Student Research in Dental Caries. The Bob Bowers Memorial Award helped support SO for travel to present research at the 2019 IADR Meeting. We also thank Dr. Bruce J Paster and the HOMI NGS Laboratory for providing commentary on next generation sequencing procedures, and Dr. Elizabeth Palmer for assistance in patient recruitment, and Drs. Tom Shearer, Bill Knight, Bob Steelman, John Engle, John Peterson, and Dena Fischer (NIDCR) for many discussions and support. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, {\textcopyright} 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.",
year = "2019",
doi = "10.1080/20002297.2019.1653124",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "11",
journal = "Journal of Oral Microbiology",
issn = "2000-2297",
publisher = "Co-Action Publishing",
number = "1",
}