Role of T Lymphocytes in HIV Neuropathogenesis

Caroline Subra, Lydie Trautmann

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose of Review: The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes leading to HIV assault and persistence in the central nervous system (CNS) and the elimination of HIV-infected CNS resident cells by CD8+ T lymphocytes. Recent Findings: HIV targets the CNS early in infection, and HIV-infected individuals suffer from mild forms of neurological impairments even under antiretroviral therapy (ART). CD4+ T cells and monocytes mediate HIV entry into the brain and constitute a source for HIV persistence and neuronal damage. HIV-specific CD8+ T cells are also massively recruited in the CNS in acute infection to control viral replication but cannot eliminate HIV-infected cells within the CNS. Summary: This review summarizes the involvement of CD4+ T cells in seeding and maintaining HIV infection in the brain and describes the involvement of CD8+ T cells in HIV neuropathogenesis, playing a role still to be deciphered, either beneficial in eliminating HIV-infected cells or deleterious in releasing inflammatory cytokines.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)236-243
Number of pages8
JournalCurrent HIV/AIDS Reports
Volume16
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 15 2019

Keywords

  • CNS HIV invasion
  • CNS inflammation
  • HIV neuropathogenesis
  • HIV-infected cell killing
  • T lymphocytes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

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