TY - JOUR
T1 - RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 4-methylpentanoic acid, CAS Registry Number 646-07-1
AU - Api, A. M.
AU - Belsito, D.
AU - Biserta, S.
AU - Botelho, D.
AU - Bruze, M.
AU - Burton, G. A.
AU - Buschmann, J.
AU - Cancellieri, M. A.
AU - Dagli, M. L.
AU - Date, M.
AU - Dekant, W.
AU - Deodhar, C.
AU - Fryer, A. D.
AU - Gadhia, S.
AU - Jones, L.
AU - Joshi, K.
AU - Lapczynski, A.
AU - Lavelle, M.
AU - Liebler, D. C.
AU - Na, M.
AU - O'Brien, D.
AU - Patel, A.
AU - Penning, T. M.
AU - Ritacco, G.
AU - Rodriguez-Ropero, F.
AU - Romine, J.
AU - Sadekar, N.
AU - Salvito, D.
AU - Schultz, T. W.
AU - Siddiqi, F.
AU - Sipes, I. G.
AU - Sullivan, G.
AU - Thakkar, Y.
AU - Tokura, Y.
AU - Tsang, S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2020/10/15
Y1 - 2020/10/15
N2 - The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. 4-Methylpentanoic acid was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog 2-ethylbutyric acid (CAS # 88-09-5) show that 4-methylpentanoic acid is not expected to be genotoxic and provide a calculated margin of exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. The skin sensitization endpoint was completed using the dermal sensitization threshold (DST) for non-reactive materials (900 μg/cm2); exposure is below the DST. The phototoxicity/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet (UV) spectra; 4-methylpentanoic acid is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to 4-methylpentanoic acid is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; 4-methylpentanoic acid was found not to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
AB - The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. 4-Methylpentanoic acid was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog 2-ethylbutyric acid (CAS # 88-09-5) show that 4-methylpentanoic acid is not expected to be genotoxic and provide a calculated margin of exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. The skin sensitization endpoint was completed using the dermal sensitization threshold (DST) for non-reactive materials (900 μg/cm2); exposure is below the DST. The phototoxicity/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet (UV) spectra; 4-methylpentanoic acid is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to 4-methylpentanoic acid is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; 4-methylpentanoic acid was found not to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111456
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111456
M3 - Short survey
C2 - 32640362
AN - SCOPUS:85087931538
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 144
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 111456
ER -