Protective effects of higher cognitive reserve for neuropsychological and daily functioning among individuals infected with hepatitis C

Maiko Sakamoto, Steven Paul Woods, Michael Kolessar, Daniel Kriz, J. Renee Anderson, Hannah Olavarria, Anna W. Sasaki, Michael Chang, Kenneth D. Flora, Jennifer M. Loftis, Marilyn Huckans

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Higher levels of cognitive reserve (CR) can be protective against the neuropsychological manifestation of neural injury across a variety of clinical disorders. However, the role of CR in the expression of neurocognitive deficits among persons infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is not well understood. Thirty-nine HCV-infected participants were classified as having either high (n = 19) or low (n = 20) CR based on educational attainment, oral word reading, and IQ scores. A sample of 40 demographically comparable healthy adults (HA) was also included. All participants completed the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery, Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, and Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Adult Version (BRIEF-A). Linear regression analyses, controlling for gender, depression, and lifetime substance use disorders, found significant effects of HCV/CR group on verbal fluency, executive functions, and daily functioning T scores, but not in learning or the BRIEF-A. Pairwise comparisons revealed that the HCV group with low CR performed significantly below the HCV high CR and HA cohorts, who did not differ from one another. Findings indicate that higher levels of CR may be a protective factor in the neurocognitive and real-world manifestation of neural injury commonly associated with HCV infection.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)442-451
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of neurovirology
Volume19
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2013

Keywords

  • Cognitive reserve
  • Daily functioning
  • Hepatitis C
  • Neuropsychological assessment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
  • Virology

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