TY - JOUR
T1 - Predisposition to childhood otitis media and genetic polymorphisms within the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) Locus
AU - Hafren, Lena
AU - Einarsdottir, Elisabet
AU - Kentala, Erna
AU - Hammaren-Malmi, Sari
AU - Bhutta, Mahmood F.
AU - MacArthur, Carol J.
AU - Wilmot, Beth
AU - Casselbrant, Margaretha
AU - Conley, Yvette P.
AU - Weeks, Daniel E.
AU - Mandel, Ellen M.
AU - Vaarala, Outi
AU - Kallio, Anna
AU - Melin, Merit
AU - Nieminen, Janne K.
AU - Leinonen, Eira
AU - Kere, Juha
AU - Mattila, Petri S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Hafrén et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2015/7/15
Y1 - 2015/7/15
N2 - Background Predisposition to childhood otitis media (OM) has a strong genetic component, with polymorphisms in innate immunity genes suspected to contribute to risk. Studies on several genes have been conducted, but most associations have failed to replicate in independent cohorts. Methods We investigated 53 gene polymorphisms in a Finnish cohort of 624 cases and 778 controls. A positive association signal was followed up in a tagging approach and tested in an independent Finnish cohort of 205 cases, in a British cohort of 1269 trios, as well as in two cohorts from the United States (US); one with 403 families and the other with 100 cases and 104 controls. Results In the initial Finnish cohort, the SNP rs5030717 in the TLR4 gene region showed significant association (OR 1.33, P = .003) to OM. Tagging SNP analysis of the gene found rs1329060 (OR 1.33, P = .002) and rs1329057 (OR 1.29, P = .003) also to be associated. In the more severe phenotype the association was stronger. This finding was supported by an independent Finnish case cohort, but the associations failed to replicate in the British and US cohorts. In studies on TLR4 signaling in 20 study subjects, the three-marker risk haplotype correlated with a decreased TNFá secretion in myeloid dendritic cells. Conclusions The TLR4 gene locus, regulating the innate immune response, influences the genetic predisposition to childhood OM in a subpopulation of patients. Environmental factors likely modulate the genetic components contributing to the risk of OM.
AB - Background Predisposition to childhood otitis media (OM) has a strong genetic component, with polymorphisms in innate immunity genes suspected to contribute to risk. Studies on several genes have been conducted, but most associations have failed to replicate in independent cohorts. Methods We investigated 53 gene polymorphisms in a Finnish cohort of 624 cases and 778 controls. A positive association signal was followed up in a tagging approach and tested in an independent Finnish cohort of 205 cases, in a British cohort of 1269 trios, as well as in two cohorts from the United States (US); one with 403 families and the other with 100 cases and 104 controls. Results In the initial Finnish cohort, the SNP rs5030717 in the TLR4 gene region showed significant association (OR 1.33, P = .003) to OM. Tagging SNP analysis of the gene found rs1329060 (OR 1.33, P = .002) and rs1329057 (OR 1.29, P = .003) also to be associated. In the more severe phenotype the association was stronger. This finding was supported by an independent Finnish case cohort, but the associations failed to replicate in the British and US cohorts. In studies on TLR4 signaling in 20 study subjects, the three-marker risk haplotype correlated with a decreased TNFá secretion in myeloid dendritic cells. Conclusions The TLR4 gene locus, regulating the innate immune response, influences the genetic predisposition to childhood OM in a subpopulation of patients. Environmental factors likely modulate the genetic components contributing to the risk of OM.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0132551
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0132551
M3 - Article
C2 - 26177520
AN - SCOPUS:84941355636
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 10
JO - PloS one
JF - PloS one
IS - 7
M1 - e0132551
ER -