Oral manifestations of the congenital insensitivity-to-pain syndrome

The congenital insensitivity-to-pain syndrome is a sensory syndrome in which pain is impaired. It has been variably classified under a variety of terms, on occasion leading to some confusion. The condition is present at birth. The patient is usually, but not always, normal with respect to intelligence, development, and psychological adjustments. Other sensory perceptions are normal. Traumatic lesions as a result of self-mutilative acts are not uncommon, especially at an early age. The condition may not be apparent clinically until the time of initial tooth eruption. As the primary teeth erupt, the patient acquires the necessary apparatus for self-infliction of wounds to oral structures, skin, and fingernails. A case of congenital indifference to pain is presented, with clinical documentation of tooth-related problems occurring over a 2-year period and of the steps taken to correct or minimize the traumatic effects of chewing.