TY - JOUR
T1 - Neuroinflammation in addiction
T2 - A review of neuroimaging studies and potential immunotherapies
AU - Kohno, Milky
AU - Link, Jeanne
AU - Dennis, Laura E.
AU - McCready, Holly
AU - Huckans, Marilyn
AU - Hoffman, William F.
AU - Loftis, Jennifer M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2019/4
Y1 - 2019/4
N2 - Addiction is a worldwide public health problem and this article reviews scientific advances in identifying the role of neuroinflammation in the genesis, maintenance, and treatment of substance use disorders. With an emphasis on neuroimaging techniques, this review examines human studies of addiction using positron emission tomography to identify binding of translocator protein (TSPO), which is upregulated in reactive glial cells and activated microglia during pathological states. High TSPO levels have been shown in methamphetamine use but exhibits variable patterns in cocaine use. Alcohol and nicotine use, however, are associated with lower TSPO levels. We discuss how mechanistic differences at the neurotransmitter and circuit level in the neural effects of these agents and subsequent immune response may explain these observations. Finally, we review the potential of anti-inflammatory drugs, including ibudilast, minocycline, and pioglitazone, to ameliorate the behavioral and cognitive consequences of addiction.
AB - Addiction is a worldwide public health problem and this article reviews scientific advances in identifying the role of neuroinflammation in the genesis, maintenance, and treatment of substance use disorders. With an emphasis on neuroimaging techniques, this review examines human studies of addiction using positron emission tomography to identify binding of translocator protein (TSPO), which is upregulated in reactive glial cells and activated microglia during pathological states. High TSPO levels have been shown in methamphetamine use but exhibits variable patterns in cocaine use. Alcohol and nicotine use, however, are associated with lower TSPO levels. We discuss how mechanistic differences at the neurotransmitter and circuit level in the neural effects of these agents and subsequent immune response may explain these observations. Finally, we review the potential of anti-inflammatory drugs, including ibudilast, minocycline, and pioglitazone, to ameliorate the behavioral and cognitive consequences of addiction.
KW - Cytokine
KW - Inflammation
KW - Microglia
KW - Positron emission tomography
KW - Resting-state functional connectivity
KW - Substance use disorder
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061538188&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85061538188&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.01.007
DO - 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.01.007
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30695700
AN - SCOPUS:85061538188
SN - 0091-3057
VL - 179
SP - 34
EP - 42
JO - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
ER -