TY - JOUR
T1 - Neuroimmune mechanisms of cytokine-induced depression
T2 - Current theories and novel treatment strategies
AU - Loftis, Jennifer M.
AU - Huckans, Marilyn
AU - Morasco, Benjamin J.
PY - 2010/3
Y1 - 2010/3
N2 - The relationships between immune and neural function are an increasingly important area of study for neuropsychiatric disorders, in particular depression. This is exemplified by the growing number of publications on cytokines and depression during the last 10 years, as compared to earlier decades. This review summarizes the current theories and novel treatment strategies for depression, with a focus on cytokine-induced depression. Neuroimmune mechanisms are now viewed as central to the development of depressive symptoms and emerging evidence is beginning to identify the neural circuits involved in cytokine-induced depression. The current diagnostic categories for depression, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, however, are not etiologically or biologically derived, and it has been proposed that "depression", likely reflects multiple pathogeneses leading to varying symptom constellations. As we move toward a better biological understanding of depression-related symptom constellations or syndromes, the term "depression" may prove inadequately broad, and an integration of interdisciplinary literatures will increase in importance. Future research should aim to characterize these depression-related symptom constellations or syndromes better with the goal of optimizing treatment strategies.
AB - The relationships between immune and neural function are an increasingly important area of study for neuropsychiatric disorders, in particular depression. This is exemplified by the growing number of publications on cytokines and depression during the last 10 years, as compared to earlier decades. This review summarizes the current theories and novel treatment strategies for depression, with a focus on cytokine-induced depression. Neuroimmune mechanisms are now viewed as central to the development of depressive symptoms and emerging evidence is beginning to identify the neural circuits involved in cytokine-induced depression. The current diagnostic categories for depression, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, however, are not etiologically or biologically derived, and it has been proposed that "depression", likely reflects multiple pathogeneses leading to varying symptom constellations. As we move toward a better biological understanding of depression-related symptom constellations or syndromes, the term "depression" may prove inadequately broad, and an integration of interdisciplinary literatures will increase in importance. Future research should aim to characterize these depression-related symptom constellations or syndromes better with the goal of optimizing treatment strategies.
KW - Animal models
KW - Antidepressants
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Cytokines
KW - Depression
KW - Inflammation
KW - Sickness behavior
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=75949117149&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=75949117149&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nbd.2009.11.015
DO - 10.1016/j.nbd.2009.11.015
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19944762
AN - SCOPUS:75949117149
SN - 0969-9961
VL - 37
SP - 519
EP - 533
JO - Neurobiology of Disease
JF - Neurobiology of Disease
IS - 3
ER -