Medications for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder among Persons Living with HIV

Laura Fanucchi, Sandra A. Springer, P. Todd Korthuis

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

37 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose of Review: Recent HIV outbreaks have occurred as a result of the current US opioid epidemic. Providing medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) with methadone, buprenorphine, and extended-release naltrexone is essential to achieving optimal HIV treatment outcomes including viral suppression and retention in treatment. This review describes the pharmacology of MOUD with specific attention to interactions with antiretroviral therapy, and to the effect of MOUD on HIV treatment outcomes. Recent Findings: Methadone and buprenorphine both improve HIV viral suppression, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and overall mortality for persons with opioid use disorder (OUD). Extended-release naltrexone has been most extensively studied in persons with HIV leaving incarcerated settings, and improves HIV viral suppression in that context. Summary: Strategies that integrate MOUD and HIV treatment are crucial to optimize viral suppression. The differing pharmacokinetic and delivery characteristics of these MOUD offer diverse options. Given the chronic and relapsing nature of both HIV and OUD, long-term approaches are required.

Original languageEnglish (US)
JournalCurrent HIV/AIDS Reports
Volume16
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 15 2019

Keywords

  • Buprenorphine
  • Extended-release naltrexone
  • HIV
  • MAT
  • Medication for opioid use disorder
  • Methadone
  • Opioid addiction
  • Opioid use disorders

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

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