Mechanistic link between DNA methyltransferases and DNA repair enzymes by base flipping

R. Stephen Lloyd, Xiaodong Cheng

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

Rotation of a DNA nucleotide out of the double helix and into a protein binding pocket ("base flipping") was first observed in the structure of a DNA methyltransferase. There is now evidence that a variety of proteins, particularly DNA repair enzymes, use base flipping in their interactions with DNA. Though the mechanisms for base movement into extrahelical positions are still unclear, the focus of this review is how base recognition is modulated by the stringency of binding to the extrahelical base(s) or sugar moiety.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)139-151
Number of pages13
JournalBiopolymers
Volume44
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 1997
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Base flipping
  • DNA methyltransferases
  • DNA repair enzymes
  • Extrahelical nucleotide

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biophysics
  • Biochemistry
  • Biomaterials
  • Organic Chemistry

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