TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-Range Neuronal Circuits Underlying the Interaction between Sensory and Motor Cortex
AU - Mao, Tianyi
AU - Kusefoglu, Deniz
AU - Hooks, Bryan M.
AU - Huber, Daniel
AU - Petreanu, Leopoldo
AU - Svoboda, Karel
N1 - Funding Information:
Experiments were conducted according to National Institutes of Health guidelines for animal research and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Janelia Farm Research Campus. For anterograde tracing we used adeno-associated virus (AAV; serotype 2/1) expressing eGFP ( www.addgene.com ) or tdTomato (a gift from J. Magee) under the CAG promoter. For sCRACM mapping experiments, we used AAV virus (serotype 2/1; in some experiments serotype 2/10) expressing either ChR2-venus ( Petreanu et al., 2009 ) or ChR2-tdTomato ( www.addgene.com ). For retrograde tracing we used fluorescent LumaFluor microbeads (LumaFluor Inc.). C57BL/6J mice (Charles River) (13–16 days old) were anesthetized using an isoflurane-oxygen mixture and placed in a custom stereotactic apparatus. A small hole was drilled into the skull, allowing insertion of a pulled glass pipette (Drummond) (tip diameter: 10–20 μm for virus; 40–60 μm for LumaFluor microbeads). For sCRACM experiments, coordinates were as follows (in mm, from bregma): vS1, 0.5 to 0.8 posterior, 2.9–3.3 lateral; vM1, 1.0−1.1 anterior, 0.60–0.75 lateral. Injections sites were confirmed by post hoc histological analysis (Figures 1 B, 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , and S1 B–S1H). See Supplemental Experimental Procedures for further details.
Funding Information:
This work was funded by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. We thank Gordon Shepherd for advice and extensive discussions; Asaf Keller for advice on electrical microstimulation in vM1; Tim O'Connor for programming; Brenda Shields, Amy Hu, Alma Arnold, and Kevin McGowan for technical support; Takashi Sato and Haining Zhong for help with experiments and analysis; Stefanie Kaech Petrie for help with the blind retrograde beads counting; and Diego Gutnisky and Zengcai Guo for comments on the manuscript.
PY - 2011/10/6
Y1 - 2011/10/6
N2 - In the rodent vibrissal system, active sensation and sensorimotor integration are mediated in part by connections between barrel cortex and vibrissal motor cortex. Little is known about how these structures interact at the level of neurons. We used Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) expression, combined with anterograde and retrograde labeling, to map connections between barrel cortex and pyramidal neurons in mouse motor cortex. Barrel cortex axons preferentially targeted upper layer (L2/3, L5A) neurons in motor cortex; input to neurons projecting back to barrel cortex was particularly strong. Barrel cortex input to deeper layers (L5B, L6) of motor cortex, including neurons projecting to the brainstem, was weak, despite pronounced geometric overlap of dendrites with axons from barrel cortex. Neurons in different layers received barrel cortex input within stereotyped dendritic domains. The cortico-cortical neurons in superficial layers of motor cortex thus couple motor and sensory signals and might mediate sensorimotor integration and motor learning.
AB - In the rodent vibrissal system, active sensation and sensorimotor integration are mediated in part by connections between barrel cortex and vibrissal motor cortex. Little is known about how these structures interact at the level of neurons. We used Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) expression, combined with anterograde and retrograde labeling, to map connections between barrel cortex and pyramidal neurons in mouse motor cortex. Barrel cortex axons preferentially targeted upper layer (L2/3, L5A) neurons in motor cortex; input to neurons projecting back to barrel cortex was particularly strong. Barrel cortex input to deeper layers (L5B, L6) of motor cortex, including neurons projecting to the brainstem, was weak, despite pronounced geometric overlap of dendrites with axons from barrel cortex. Neurons in different layers received barrel cortex input within stereotyped dendritic domains. The cortico-cortical neurons in superficial layers of motor cortex thus couple motor and sensory signals and might mediate sensorimotor integration and motor learning.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80053596840&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=80053596840&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.07.029
DO - 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.07.029
M3 - Article
C2 - 21982373
AN - SCOPUS:80053596840
SN - 0896-6273
VL - 72
SP - 111
EP - 123
JO - Neuron
JF - Neuron
IS - 1
ER -