Label-free, single-molecule detection with optical microcavities

Andrea M. Armani, Rajan P. Kulkarni, Scott E. Fraser, Richard C. Flagan, Kerry J. Vahala

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1078 Scopus citations

Abstract

Current single-molecule detection techniques require labeling the target molecule. We report a highly specific and sensitive optical sensor based on an ultrahigh quality (Q) factor (Q > 108) whispering-gallery microcavity. The silica surface is functionalized to bind the target molecule; binding is detected by a resonant wavelength shift. Single-molecule detection is confirmed by observation of single-molecule binding events that shift the resonant frequency, as well as by the statistics for these shifts over many binding events. These shifts result from a thermo-optic mechanism. Additionally, label-free, single-molecule detection of interleukin-2 was demonstrated in serum. These experiments demonstrate a dynamic range of 1012 in concentration, establishing the microcavity as a sensitive and versatile detector.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)783-787
Number of pages5
JournalScience
Volume317
Issue number5839
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 10 2007
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General

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