Inhibition of wild-type and mutant Bcr-Abl by AP23464, a potent ATP-based oncogenic protein kinase inhibitor: Implications for CML

Thomas O'Hare, Roy Pollock, Eric P. Stoffregen, Jeffrey A. Keats, Omar M. Abdullah, Erika M. Moseson, Victor M. Rivera, Hao Tang, Chester A. Metcalf, Regine S. Bohacek, Yihan Wang, Raji Sundaramoorthi, William C. Shakespeare, David Dalgarno, Tim Clackson, Tomi K. Sawyer, Michael W. Deininger, Brian J. Druker

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

171 Scopus citations

Abstract

The deregulated, oncogenic tyrosine kinase Bcr-Abl causes chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, STI571), a Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor, selectively inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of CML cells. Despite the success of imatinib mesylate in the treatment of CML, resistance is observed, particularly in advanced disease. The most common imatinib mesylate resistance mechanism involves Bcr-Abl kinase domain mutations that impart varying degrees of drug insensitivity. AP23464, a potent adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)-based inhibitor of Src and Abl kinases, displays antiproliferative activity against a human CML cell line and Bcr-Abl-transduced Ba/F3 cells (IC50 = 14 nM; imatinib mesylate IC50 = 350 nM). AP23464 ablates Bcr-Abl tyrosine phosphorylation, blocks cell cycle progression, and promotes apoptosis of Bcr-Abl-expressing cells. Biochemical assays with purified glutathione S transferase (GST)-Abl kinase domain confirmed that AP23464 directly inhibits Abl activity. Importantly, the low nanomolar cellular and biochemical inhibitory properties of AP23464 extend to frequently observed imatinib mesylate-resistant Bcr-Abl mutants, including nucleotide binding P-loop mutants Q252H, Y253F, E255K, C-terminal loop mutant M351T, and activation loop mutant H396P. AP23464 was ineffective against mutant T315I, an imatinib mesylate contact residue. The potency of AP23464 against imatinib mesylate-refractory Bcr-Abl and its distinct binding mode relative to imatinib mesylate warrant further investigation of AP23464 for the treatment of CML.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2532-2539
Number of pages8
JournalBlood
Volume104
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 15 2004

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Cell Biology

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