TY - JOUR
T1 - Human behavioral assessment in neurotoxicology
T2 - Producing appropriate test performance with written and shaping instructions
AU - Anger, W. Kent
AU - Rohlman, Diane S.
AU - Sizemore, O. J.
AU - Kovera, Craig A.
AU - Gibertini, Michael
AU - Ger, Jiin
PY - 1996
Y1 - 1996
N2 - Neurotoxic effects are of such breadth and complexity that functional biomarkers (behavioral tests) that integrate many areas of the nervous system predominate in human neurotoxicology research. The increasing distribution of chemical and other manufacturing throughout the world, particularly in developing nations, suggests the acute need to develop biomarkers for chemical exposures and effects that can be employed internationally. A language-free method for training performance on behavioral tests is described, which holds promise for international research that circumvents the vagaries of translation. Pour behavioral tests were administered to 74-114 adult US subjects. Procedures, collectively termed shaping, produced effective performance on three tests [Symbol Digit, Vigilant Attention Test (VAT), Digit Span Forward and Backward], and produced appropriate but unacceptably slow performance in initial testing on the Simple Reaction Time test. Effective performance on the Symbol-Digit test also was produced by shaping instructions, without assistance from examiners, in small groups of residents of Taipei (Taiwan) and US children between the ages of 5 and 16.
AB - Neurotoxic effects are of such breadth and complexity that functional biomarkers (behavioral tests) that integrate many areas of the nervous system predominate in human neurotoxicology research. The increasing distribution of chemical and other manufacturing throughout the world, particularly in developing nations, suggests the acute need to develop biomarkers for chemical exposures and effects that can be employed internationally. A language-free method for training performance on behavioral tests is described, which holds promise for international research that circumvents the vagaries of translation. Pour behavioral tests were administered to 74-114 adult US subjects. Procedures, collectively termed shaping, produced effective performance on three tests [Symbol Digit, Vigilant Attention Test (VAT), Digit Span Forward and Backward], and produced appropriate but unacceptably slow performance in initial testing on the Simple Reaction Time test. Effective performance on the Symbol-Digit test also was produced by shaping instructions, without assistance from examiners, in small groups of residents of Taipei (Taiwan) and US children between the ages of 5 and 16.
KW - BARS
KW - Behavioral Assessment and Research System
KW - Behavioral biomarkers
KW - NES2
KW - Neuropsychological tests
KW - Neurotoxicology
KW - Stimulus control
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0030197917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0030197917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0892-0362(96)00037-2
DO - 10.1016/0892-0362(96)00037-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 8866527
AN - SCOPUS:0030197917
SN - 0892-0362
VL - 18
SP - 371
EP - 379
JO - Neurotoxicology and Teratology
JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology
IS - 4
ER -