HIV lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy mimicking lymphoma: Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) restricted to nerve?

Nizar Chahin, Zelalem Temesgen, Paul J. Kurtin, Robert J. Spinner, P. James B. Dyck

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) is a hyperimmune reaction against HIV. It leads to MHC-restricted clonal expansion of CD8 T cells characterized by circulating CD8 hyperlymphocytosis and CD8 T-cell infiltration in organs. Our patient presented with painful lumbosacral radiculo-plexus neuropathy and tested positive for HIV. Nerve biopsy showed large collections of CD8 lymphocytes suspicious for lymphoma. Symptoms, signs, and repeat biopsy improved with antiretroviral treatment. The presentation and treatment response suggest that this case is localized DILS.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)276-282
Number of pages7
JournalMuscle and Nerve
Volume41
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2010
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS)
  • HIV
  • Lumbosacral plexopathy
  • Lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy
  • Peripheral neuropathy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Physiology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
  • Physiology (medical)

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