@article{2da4deae6c614663a5a7d7cfc11ed835,
title = "Growth Trajectories of Cognitive and Motor Control in Adolescence: How Much Is Development and How Much Is Practice?",
abstract = "Objective: Executive control continues to develop throughout adolescence and is vulnerable to alcohol use.Although longitudinal assessment is ideal for tracking executive function development and onset of alcoholuse, prior testing experience must be distinguished from developmental trajectories. Method: We used theStroop Match-to-Sample task to examine the improvement of processing speed and specific cognitive and motor control over 4 years in 445 adolescents. The twice-minus-once-tested method was used and expandedto four test sessions to delineate prior experience (i.e., learning) from development. A General AdditiveModel evaluated the predictive value of age and sex on executive function development and potentialinfluences of alcohol use on development. Results: Results revealed strong learning between the first twoassessments. Adolescents significantly improved their speed processing over 4 years. Compared with boys,girls enhanced ability to control cognitive interference and motor reactions. Finally, the influence of alcoholuse initiation was tested over 4 years for development in 110 no/low, 110 moderate/heavy age and sexmatcheddrinkers; alcohol effects were not detected in the matched groups.",
keywords = "Adolescence, Alcohol, Development, Executive control, Learning",
author = "S{\'e}verine Lannoy and Adolf Pfefferbaum and Berre, {Anne Pascale Le} and Thompson, {Wesley K.} and Ty Brumback and Tilman Schulte and Pohl, {Kilian M.} and {De Bellis}, {Michael D.} and Nooner, {Kate B.} and Baker, {Fiona C.} and Devin Prouty and Colrain, {Ian M.} and Nagel, {Bonnie J.} and Brown, {Sandra A.} and Clark, {Duncan B.} and Tapert, {Susan F.} and Sullivan, {Edith V.} and M{\"u}ller-Oehring, {Eva M.}",
note = "Funding Information: S{\'e}verine Lannoy receives partial support through a fellowship from the Belgian American Educational Foundation. This work was supported byU.S. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism with co-fundingfrom the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of MentalHealth, and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development[NCANDA grant numbers: AA021697 (KilianM. Pohl + Adolf Pfefferbaum),AA021695 (Susan F. Tapert + Sandra A. Brown), AA021692 (Susan F.Tapert), AA021696 (Fiona C. Baker + Ian M. Colrain), AA021681 (MichaelD. De Bellis), AA021690 (Duncan B. Clark), AA021691 (Bonnie Nagel)],and AA017923 (Edith V. Sullivan). The data were part of the public datarelease NCANDA_PUBLIC_3Y_REDCAP_V02 (Pohl, K. M., Sullivan,E. V., Podhajsky, S., Baker, F. C., Brown, S. A., Clark, D. B., Colrain, I.M., DeBellis, D. M., Nagel, B. J., Nooner, K. B., Tapert, S. F., Pfefferbaum,A. The NCANDA_PUBLIC_3Y_REDCAP_V02 Data Release of theNational Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence(NCANDA), Sage Bionetworks Synapse. https://dx.doi.org/10.7303/syn23524209), distributed according to the NCANDA Data Distributionagreement (https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/ncanda-data-distribution-agreement),whose collection and distribution were supported by NIH funding[NCANDA grant numbers above] Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 American Psychological Association",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1037/neu0000771",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "36",
pages = "44--54",
journal = "Neuropsychology",
issn = "0894-4105",
publisher = "American Psychological Association Inc.",
number = "1",
}