TY - JOUR
T1 - Gray-matter volume in methamphetamine dependence
T2 - Cigarette smoking and changes with abstinence from methamphetamine
AU - Morales, Angelica M.
AU - Lee, Buyean
AU - Hellemann, Gerhard
AU - O'Neill, Joseph
AU - London, Edythe D.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the following: NIH grants P20 DA022539 , R01 DA015179 , R01 DA020726 ( EDL ); institutional training grants T90 DA022768 , T32 DA024635 and M01 RR00865 ( UCLA GCRC ). Additional funding provided by the Eugene V. Cota-Robles Fellowship and endowments from the Thomas P. and Katherine K. Pike Chair in Addiction Studies and the Marjorie M. Greene Trust. The authors thank Milky Kohno, BA, Andrew Dean, PhD, and Catherine Sugar for helpful comments on the manuscript; Sarah Wilson, MA, for performing psychometric evaluation and for coordination of the study; Todd Zorick, MD, PhD, for clinical oversight; Eugene Oh, Kristina Mouzakis and Greg Shipman for database support; and Christine Baker, Clayton Clement, Natalie DeShetler, Bahar Ebrat, Lisa Giragosian, Tom Hanson, Lindsey King, Natasha Moallem, and Andrew T. Morgan for participation in participant recruitment, screening and retention.
PY - 2012/10/1
Y1 - 2012/10/1
N2 - Background: Group differences in brain structure between methamphetamine-dependent and healthy research participants have been reported, but findings in the literature present discrepancies. Although most methamphetamine-abusing individuals also smoke cigarettes, the effects of smoking on brain structure have not been distinguished from those of methamphetamine. Changes with abstinence from methamphetamine have also been relatively unexplored. This study, therefore, attempted to account for effects of smoking and brief abstinence from methamphetamine on gray-matter measures in methamphetamine-dependent research participants. Methods: Gray matter was measured using voxel-based morphometry in three groups: 18 Control Nonsmokers, 25 Control Smokers, and 39 Methamphetamine-dependent Smokers (methamphetamine-abstinent 4-7 days). Subgroups of methamphetamine-dependent and control participants (n=12/group) were scanned twice to determine change in gray matter over the first month of methamphetamine abstinence. Results: Compared with Control Nonsmokers, Control Smokers and Methamphetamine-dependent Smokers had smaller gray-matter volume in the orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus. Methamphetamine-dependent Smokers also had smaller gray-matter volumes in frontal, parietal and temporal cortices than Control Nonsmokers or Smokers, and smaller gray-matter volume in insula than Control Nonsmokers. Longitudinal assessment revealed gray matter increases in cortical regions (inferior frontal, angular, and superior temporal gyri, precuneus, insula, occipital pole) in methamphetamine-dependent but not control participants; the cerebellum showed a decrease. Conclusions: Gray-matter volume deficits in the orbitofrontal cortex and caudate of methamphetamine-dependent individuals may be in part attributable to cigarette smoking or pre-morbid conditions. Increase in gray matter with methamphetamine abstinence suggests that some gray-matter deficits are partially attributable to methamphetamine abuse.
AB - Background: Group differences in brain structure between methamphetamine-dependent and healthy research participants have been reported, but findings in the literature present discrepancies. Although most methamphetamine-abusing individuals also smoke cigarettes, the effects of smoking on brain structure have not been distinguished from those of methamphetamine. Changes with abstinence from methamphetamine have also been relatively unexplored. This study, therefore, attempted to account for effects of smoking and brief abstinence from methamphetamine on gray-matter measures in methamphetamine-dependent research participants. Methods: Gray matter was measured using voxel-based morphometry in three groups: 18 Control Nonsmokers, 25 Control Smokers, and 39 Methamphetamine-dependent Smokers (methamphetamine-abstinent 4-7 days). Subgroups of methamphetamine-dependent and control participants (n=12/group) were scanned twice to determine change in gray matter over the first month of methamphetamine abstinence. Results: Compared with Control Nonsmokers, Control Smokers and Methamphetamine-dependent Smokers had smaller gray-matter volume in the orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus. Methamphetamine-dependent Smokers also had smaller gray-matter volumes in frontal, parietal and temporal cortices than Control Nonsmokers or Smokers, and smaller gray-matter volume in insula than Control Nonsmokers. Longitudinal assessment revealed gray matter increases in cortical regions (inferior frontal, angular, and superior temporal gyri, precuneus, insula, occipital pole) in methamphetamine-dependent but not control participants; the cerebellum showed a decrease. Conclusions: Gray-matter volume deficits in the orbitofrontal cortex and caudate of methamphetamine-dependent individuals may be in part attributable to cigarette smoking or pre-morbid conditions. Increase in gray matter with methamphetamine abstinence suggests that some gray-matter deficits are partially attributable to methamphetamine abuse.
KW - Caudate nucleus
KW - Cigarette smoking
KW - Longitudinal
KW - Methamphetamine
KW - Prefrontal cortex
KW - Voxel-based morphometry
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U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.02.017
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.02.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 22445480
AN - SCOPUS:84866366199
SN - 0376-8716
VL - 125
SP - 230
EP - 238
JO - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
IS - 3
ER -