Glutathione propagates oxidative stress triggered by myeloperoxidase in HL-60 cells: Evidence for glutathionyl radical-induced peroxidation of phospholipids and cytotoxicity

Grigory G. Borisenko, Ian Martin, Qing Zhao, Andrew A. Amoseato, Yulia Y. Tyurina, Valerian E. Kagan

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

58 Scopus citations

Abstract

Glutathione acts as a universal scavenger of free radicals at the expense of the formation of the glutathionyl radicals (GS.). Here we demonstrated that GS. radicals specifically interact with a reporter molecule, paramagnetic and non-fluorescent 4-((9-acridinecarbonyl)-amino)-2,2,6,6-tetrametliylpiperidine-1-oxyl (Ac-Tempo), and convert it into a non-paramagnetic fluorescent product, identified as 4-((9-acridinecarbonyl)amino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (Ac-piperidine). Horseradish peroxidase-, myeloperoxidase-, and cyclooxygenase-catalyzed oxidation of phenol in the presence of H2O2 and GSH caused the generation of phenoxyl radicals and GS. radicals, of which only the latter reacted with Ac-Tempo. Oxidation of several other phenolic compounds (e.g. etoposide and tyrosine) was accompanied by the formation of GS. radicals along with a characteristic fluorescence response from Ac-Tempo. In myeloperoxidase-rich HL-60 cells treated with H 2O2 and phenol, fluorescence microscopic imaging of Ac-Tempo revealed the production of GS. radicals. A thiol-blocking reagent, N-ethylmaleimide, as well as myeloperoxidase inhibitors (succinyl acetone and azide), blocked formation of fluorescent acridine-piperidine. H 2O2/phenol-induced peroxidation of major classes of phospholipids in HL-60 cells was completely inhibited by Ac-Tempo, indicating that GS. radicals were responsible for phospholipid peroxidation. Thus, GSH, commonly viewed as a universal free radical scavenger and major intracellular antioxidant, acts as a pro-oxidant during myeloperoxidase-catalyzed metabolism of phenol in HL-60 cells.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)23453-23462
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry
Volume279
Issue number22
DOIs
StatePublished - May 28 2004
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

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