TY - JOUR
T1 - Gait abnormalities in multiple sclerosis
T2 - Pathogenesis, evaluation, and advances in treatment
AU - Cameron, Michelle H.
AU - Wagner, Joanne M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Disclosure Conflicts of interest: M.H. Cameron: has been a consultant for Innovative Neurotronics; has received grant support from Acorda; and has received a career development award from the Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, Department of Veterans Affairs; J.M. Wagner: none.
PY - 2011/10
Y1 - 2011/10
N2 - Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by episodic decline in various neurologic functions. Gait dysfunction in MS is distinguished by decreased gait speed, walking endurance, step length, cadence and joint motion, as well as increased metabolic cost of walking and increased variability of gait. Standardized clinical, timed, and patient-based measures can identify MS patients with gait dysfunction, and observational gait analysis, instrumented walkways, or three-dimensional gait analysis can help determine which problem underlies their gait dysfunction to help direct effective treatment. Exercise may ameliorate all types of gait dysfunction. In addition, gait dysfunction due to weakness may be alleviated by orthoses or functional electrical stimulation; gait dysfunction due to spasticity may be relieved by oral, intrathecal, or intramuscular medications. Assistive devices and balance training may reduce gait dysfunction from imbalance, and dalfampridine may accelerate gait in people with MS who walk slowly.
AB - Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by episodic decline in various neurologic functions. Gait dysfunction in MS is distinguished by decreased gait speed, walking endurance, step length, cadence and joint motion, as well as increased metabolic cost of walking and increased variability of gait. Standardized clinical, timed, and patient-based measures can identify MS patients with gait dysfunction, and observational gait analysis, instrumented walkways, or three-dimensional gait analysis can help determine which problem underlies their gait dysfunction to help direct effective treatment. Exercise may ameliorate all types of gait dysfunction. In addition, gait dysfunction due to weakness may be alleviated by orthoses or functional electrical stimulation; gait dysfunction due to spasticity may be relieved by oral, intrathecal, or intramuscular medications. Assistive devices and balance training may reduce gait dysfunction from imbalance, and dalfampridine may accelerate gait in people with MS who walk slowly.
KW - 4-Aminopyridine
KW - Accidental falls
KW - Botulinum toxin
KW - Electric stimulation
KW - Gait
KW - Gait abnormalities
KW - Multiple sclerosis
KW - Rehabilitation
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U2 - 10.1007/s11910-011-0214-y
DO - 10.1007/s11910-011-0214-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 21779953
AN - SCOPUS:81055157967
SN - 1528-4042
VL - 11
SP - 507
EP - 515
JO - Current neurology and neuroscience reports
JF - Current neurology and neuroscience reports
IS - 5
ER -