TY - JOUR
T1 - End-Stage Liver Disease
T2 - Challenges and Practice Implications
AU - Hansen, Lissi
AU - Sasaki, Anna
AU - Zucker, Betsy
PY - 2010/9
Y1 - 2010/9
N2 - As the seventh leading cause of death among people aged 25 to 64 years, end-stage liver disease (ESLD) affects many Americans in the most productive years of their lives. Despite the increasing number of individuals who are dying of ESLD, little is documented about their end of life challenges as the disease progresses. The purpose of this article is to highlight specific challenges for people with ESLD, their families, and their implications for health care providers: ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, malnutrition, altered drug metabolism, renal insufficiency and hyponatremia, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pain. The authors also present a case study to illustrate disease progression and difficulties facing patients, family members, and providers.
AB - As the seventh leading cause of death among people aged 25 to 64 years, end-stage liver disease (ESLD) affects many Americans in the most productive years of their lives. Despite the increasing number of individuals who are dying of ESLD, little is documented about their end of life challenges as the disease progresses. The purpose of this article is to highlight specific challenges for people with ESLD, their families, and their implications for health care providers: ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, malnutrition, altered drug metabolism, renal insufficiency and hyponatremia, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pain. The authors also present a case study to illustrate disease progression and difficulties facing patients, family members, and providers.
KW - End of life
KW - End-stage liver disease
KW - Pain
KW - Palliative care
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77956142581&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77956142581&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cnur.2010.03.005
DO - 10.1016/j.cnur.2010.03.005
M3 - Review article
C2 - 20804886
AN - SCOPUS:77956142581
SN - 0029-6465
VL - 45
SP - 411
EP - 426
JO - Nursing Clinics of North America
JF - Nursing Clinics of North America
IS - 3
ER -