@article{4b307033c5c34788af0308359d825541,
title = "Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Against COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Adults Aged ≥65 Years — United States, January–March 2021",
abstract = "Adults aged ≥65 years are at increased risk for severe outcomes from COVID-19 and were identified as a priority group to receive the first COVID-19 vaccines approved for use under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) in the United States (1-3). In an evaluation at 24 hospitals in 14 states,* the effectiveness of partial or full vaccination† with Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna vaccines against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was assessed among adults aged ≥65 years. Among 417 hospitalized adults aged ≥65 years (including 187 case-patients and 230 controls), the median age was 73 years, 48% were female, 73% were non-Hispanic White, 17% were non-Hispanic Black, 6% were Hispanic, and 4% lived in a long-term care facility. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-associated hospitalization among adults aged ≥65 years was estimated to be 94% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 49%-99%) for full vaccination and 64% (95% CI = 28%-82%) for partial vaccination. These findings are consistent with efficacy determined from clinical trials in the subgroup of adults aged ≥65 years (4,5). This multisite U.S. evaluation under real-world conditions suggests that vaccination provided protection against COVID-19-associated hospitalization among adults aged ≥65 years. Vaccination is a critical tool for reducing severe COVID-19 in groups at high risk.",
author = "Tenforde, {Mark W.} and Olson, {Samantha M.} and Self, {Wesley H.} and Talbot, {H. Keipp} and Lindsell, {Christopher J.} and Steingrub, {Jay S.} and Shapiro, {Nathan I.} and Ginde, {Adit A.} and Douin, {David J.} and Prekker, {Matthew E.} and Brown, {Samuel M.} and Peltan, {Ithan D.} and Gong, {Michelle N.} and Amira Mohamed and Akram Khan and Exline, {Matthew C.} and Files, {D. Clark} and Gibbs, {Kevin W.} and Stubblefield, {William B.} and Casey, {Jonathan D.} and Rice, {Todd W.} and Grijalva, {Carlos G.} and Hager, {David N.} and Arber Shehu and Nida Qadir and Chang, {Steven Y.} and Wilson, {Jennifer G.} and Manjusha Gaglani and Manjusha Gaglani and Kempapura Murthy and Nicole Calhoun and Monto, {Arnold S.} and Martin, {Emily T.} and Anurag Malani and Zimmerman, {Richard K.} and Silveira, {Fernanda P.} and Middleton, {Donald B.} and Yuwei Zhu and Dayna Wyatt and Meagan Stephenson and Adrienne Baughman and Womack, {Kelsey N.} and Hart, {Kimberly W.} and Miwako Kobayashi and Verani, {Jennifer R.} and Patel, {Manish M.}",
note = "Funding Information: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Christopher J. Lindsell reports grants from National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Defense, Marcus Foundation, Endpoint Health, Entegrion, bioMerieux, and Bioscape Digital, outside the submitted work. Jay S. Steingrub reports grants from National Institutes of Health, outside the submitted work. Akram Khan reports grants from United Therapeutics, Actelion Pharmaceuticals, Regeneron, and Reata Pharmaceuticals, outside the submitted work. Samuel M. Brown reports grants from National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Defense, Intermountain Research and Medical Foundation, and Janssen, and consulting fees paid to his employer from Faron and Sedana, all outside the submitted work. Ithan D. Peltan reports grants from National Institutes of Health and, outside the submitted work, grants from Asahi Kasei Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, and Regeneron. Adit A. Ginde reports grants from National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Defense and AbbVie, outside the submitted work. Carlos G. Grijalva reports consulting fees from Pfizer, Merck, and Sanofi-Pasteur, grants from Campbell Alliance/Syneos Health, National Institutes of Health, Food and Drug Administration, and Agency for Health Care Research and Quality, outside the submitted work. Michelle N. Gong reports grants from National Institutes of Health, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and consulting fees from Regeneron, Philips Healthcare, all outside the submitted work. Steven Y. Chang reports consulting fees from PureTech Health and speaker fees from La Jolla Pharmaceuticals, both outside the submitted work. Jonathan D. Casey reports grants from National Institutes of Health, outside the submitted work. Todd W. Rice reports grants from National Institutes of Health and Endpoint Health, consulting work for Cumberland Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Sanofi, Inc., outside the submitted work. Manjusha Gaglani reports grants from CDC-Abt Associates, outside the submitted work. Emily T. Martin reports personal fees from Pfizer and grants from Merck, outside the submitted work. Anurag Malani reports shareholder of Pfizer pharmaceuticals. Arnold S. Monto reports personal fees from Sanofi Pasteur and Seqirus, outside the submitted work. Fernanda P. Silveira reports grants from Shire, Qiagen, Ansun, and Novartis, outside the submitted work. Richard K. Zimmerman reports grants from Sanofi Pasteur, outside the submitted work. Donald B. Middleton reports grants and personal fees from Pfizer and personal fees from Seqirus, Sanofi Pasteur, and GlaxoSmithKline, outside the submitted work. No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed. Funding Information: Michael Smith, Tnelda Zunie, Deepika Konatham, Angela Kennedy, Deborah Hendricks, Jason Ettlinger, Natalie Settele, Elisa Priest, Jennifer Thomas, Madhava Beeram, Jay Fox, James Morrison, Baylor Scott & White Health.",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.15585/mmwr.mm7018e1",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "70",
pages = "674--679",
journal = "MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control",
issn = "1057-5987",
publisher = "Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services",
number = "18",
}