TY - JOUR
T1 - Early life stress, air pollution, inflammation, and disease
T2 - An integrative review and immunologic model of social-environmental adversity and lifespan health
AU - Olvera Alvarez, Hector A.
AU - Kubzansky, Laura D.
AU - Campen, Matthew J.
AU - Slavich, George M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/9
Y1 - 2018/9
N2 - Socially disadvantaged individuals are at greater risk for simultaneously being exposed to adverse social and environmental conditions. Although the mechanisms underlying joint effects remain unclear, one hypothesis is that toxic social and environmental exposures have synergistic effects on inflammatory processes that underlie the development of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression, and certain types of cancer. In the present review, we examine how exposure to two risk factors that commonly occur with social disadvantage—early life stress and air pollution—affect health. Specifically, we identify neuroimmunologic pathways that could link early life stress, inflammation, air pollution, and poor health, and use this information to propose an integrated, multi-level model that describes how these factors may interact and cause health disparity across individuals based on social disadvantage. This model highlights the importance of interdisciplinary research considering multiple exposures across domains and the potential for synergistic, cross-domain effects on health, and may help identify factors that could potentially be targeted to reduce disease risk and improve lifespan health.
AB - Socially disadvantaged individuals are at greater risk for simultaneously being exposed to adverse social and environmental conditions. Although the mechanisms underlying joint effects remain unclear, one hypothesis is that toxic social and environmental exposures have synergistic effects on inflammatory processes that underlie the development of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression, and certain types of cancer. In the present review, we examine how exposure to two risk factors that commonly occur with social disadvantage—early life stress and air pollution—affect health. Specifically, we identify neuroimmunologic pathways that could link early life stress, inflammation, air pollution, and poor health, and use this information to propose an integrated, multi-level model that describes how these factors may interact and cause health disparity across individuals based on social disadvantage. This model highlights the importance of interdisciplinary research considering multiple exposures across domains and the potential for synergistic, cross-domain effects on health, and may help identify factors that could potentially be targeted to reduce disease risk and improve lifespan health.
KW - Cytokine
KW - Early adversity
KW - Inflammation
KW - Inflammatory reactivity
KW - Pro-inflammatory phenotype
KW - Stress responsivity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85048855900&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85048855900&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.002
DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29874545
AN - SCOPUS:85048855900
SN - 0149-7634
VL - 92
SP - 226
EP - 242
JO - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
JF - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
ER -