Abstract
The D1-like (D1, D5) and D2-like (D2, D3, D4) classes of dopamine receptors each has shared signaling properties that contribute to the definition of the receptor class, although some differences among subtypes within a class have been identified. D1-like receptor signaling is mediated chiefly by the heterotrimeric G proteins Gαs and Gαolf, which cause sequential activation of adenylate cyclase, cylic AMP-dependent protein kinase, and the protein phosphatase-1 inhibitor DARPP-32. The increased phosphorylation that results from the combined effects of activating cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and inhibiting protein phosphatase 1 regulates the activity of many receptors, enzymes, ion channels, and transcription factors. D1 or a novel D1-like receptor also signals via phospholipase C-dependent and cyclic AMP-independent mobilization of intracellular calcium. D2-like receptor signaling is mediated by the heterotrimeric G proteins Gαi and Gαo. These pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins regulate some effectors, such as adenylate cyclase, via their Gα subunits, but regulate many more effectors such as ion channels, phospholipases, protein kinases, and receptor tyrosine kinases as a result of the receptor-induced liberation of Gβγ subunits. In addition to interactions between dopamine receptors and G proteins, other protein:protein interactions such as receptor oligomerization or receptor interactions with scaffolding and signal-switching proteins are critical for regulation of dopamine receptor signaling.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 165-205 |
Number of pages | 41 |
Journal | Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction |
Volume | 24 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2004 |
Keywords
- Adenylate cyclase
- Calcium channel
- Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- G protein
- Glutamate
- Phospholipase
- Potassium channel
- Protein kinase
- Sodium channel
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology