TY - JOUR
T1 - Cytochrome P450 in neurological disease
AU - Liu, M.
AU - Hurn, P. D.
AU - Alkayed, N. J.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2004/6
Y1 - 2004/6
N2 - Advances in a multitude of disciplines support an emerging role for cytochrome P450 enzymes and their metabolic substrates and end-products in the pathogenesis and treatment of central nervous system disorders, including acute cerebrovascular injury, such as stroke, chronic neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. The neural tissue contains its own unique set of P450 genes that are regulated in a manner that is distinct from their molecular regulation in peripheral tissue. Furthermore, brain P450s catalyze the formation of important brain signaling molecules, such as neurosteroids and eicosanoids, and metabolize substrates as diverse as vitamins A and D, cholesterol, bile acids, as well as centrally acting drugs, anesthetics and environmental neurotoxins. These unique characteristics allow this family of proteins and their metabolites to perform such vital functions in brain as neurotrophic support, neuroprotection, control of cerebral blood flow, temperature control, neuropeptide release, maintenance of brain cholesterol homocostasis, elimination of retinoids from CNS, regulation of neurotransmitter levels and other functions important in brain physiology, development and disease.
AB - Advances in a multitude of disciplines support an emerging role for cytochrome P450 enzymes and their metabolic substrates and end-products in the pathogenesis and treatment of central nervous system disorders, including acute cerebrovascular injury, such as stroke, chronic neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. The neural tissue contains its own unique set of P450 genes that are regulated in a manner that is distinct from their molecular regulation in peripheral tissue. Furthermore, brain P450s catalyze the formation of important brain signaling molecules, such as neurosteroids and eicosanoids, and metabolize substrates as diverse as vitamins A and D, cholesterol, bile acids, as well as centrally acting drugs, anesthetics and environmental neurotoxins. These unique characteristics allow this family of proteins and their metabolites to perform such vital functions in brain as neurotrophic support, neuroprotection, control of cerebral blood flow, temperature control, neuropeptide release, maintenance of brain cholesterol homocostasis, elimination of retinoids from CNS, regulation of neurotransmitter levels and other functions important in brain physiology, development and disease.
KW - Cerebral ischemia
KW - Cytochrome P450
KW - EETs
KW - Eicosanoids
KW - Estrogen
KW - Neuroprotection
KW - Neurosteroids
KW - Preconditioning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=2942596244&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=2942596244&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/1389200043335540
DO - 10.2174/1389200043335540
M3 - Review article
C2 - 15180492
AN - SCOPUS:2942596244
SN - 1389-2002
VL - 5
SP - 225
EP - 234
JO - Current Drug Metabolism
JF - Current Drug Metabolism
IS - 3
ER -