TY - JOUR
T1 - CpG islands in human ZFX and ZFY and mouse Zfx Genes
T2 - Sequence similarities and methylation differences
AU - Luoh, Shiuh Wen
AU - Jegalian, Karin
AU - Lee, Angela
AU - Chen, Ellson Y.
AU - Ridley, Anne
AU - Page, David C.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to Rebecca Mosher, whose studies of ZFY/ZFX CpG island conservation provided motivation for the present work. We thank Laura Brown for valuable contributions; Robert Dredge for graphical analysis of CpG content; Adrian Bird for thoughtful advice; and Paul Bain, Bruce Lahn, Renee Reijo, and Elizabeth Simpson for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health. A.R. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the European Molecular Biology Organization.
PY - 1995/9
Y1 - 1995/9
N2 - The humanZFX, humanZFY, and mouseZfxgenes have CpG islands near their 5′ ends. These islands are typical in that they span about 1.5 kb, contain transcription initiation sites, and encompass some 5′ untranslated exons and introns. However, comparative nucleotide sequencing of these human and mouse islands provided evidence of evolutionary conservation to a degree unprecedented among mammalian 5′ CpG islands. In one stretch of 165 nucleotides containing 19 CpGs, mouseZfxand humanZFXare identical to each other and differ from humanZFYat only 9 nucleotides. In contrast, we found no evidence of homologous CpG islands in the mouseZfygenes, whose transcription is more circumscribed than that of humanZFX, humanZFY, and mouseZfx.Using the isoschizomersHpaII andMspI to examine a highly conserved segment of theZFXCpG island, we detected methylation on inactive mouse X chromosomes but not on inactive human X chromosomes. These observations parallel the previous findings that mouseZfxundergoes X inactivation while humanZFXescapes it.
AB - The humanZFX, humanZFY, and mouseZfxgenes have CpG islands near their 5′ ends. These islands are typical in that they span about 1.5 kb, contain transcription initiation sites, and encompass some 5′ untranslated exons and introns. However, comparative nucleotide sequencing of these human and mouse islands provided evidence of evolutionary conservation to a degree unprecedented among mammalian 5′ CpG islands. In one stretch of 165 nucleotides containing 19 CpGs, mouseZfxand humanZFXare identical to each other and differ from humanZFYat only 9 nucleotides. In contrast, we found no evidence of homologous CpG islands in the mouseZfygenes, whose transcription is more circumscribed than that of humanZFX, humanZFY, and mouseZfx.Using the isoschizomersHpaII andMspI to examine a highly conserved segment of theZFXCpG island, we detected methylation on inactive mouse X chromosomes but not on inactive human X chromosomes. These observations parallel the previous findings that mouseZfxundergoes X inactivation while humanZFXescapes it.
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U2 - 10.1006/geno.1995.9994
DO - 10.1006/geno.1995.9994
M3 - Article
C2 - 8666382
AN - SCOPUS:0029143820
SN - 0888-7543
VL - 29
SP - 353
EP - 363
JO - Genomics
JF - Genomics
IS - 2
ER -