TY - JOUR
T1 - Covid-19 vaccination-associated myocarditis in adolescents
AU - Jain, Supriya S.
AU - Steele, Jeremy M.
AU - Fonseca, Brian
AU - Huang, Sihong
AU - Shah, Sanket
AU - Maskatia, Shiraz A.
AU - Buddhe, Sujatha
AU - Misra, Nilanjana
AU - Ramachandran, Preeti
AU - Gaur, Lasya
AU - Eshtehardi, Parham
AU - Anwar, Shafkat
AU - Kaushik, Neeru
AU - Han, Frank
AU - Chaudhuri, Nita Ray
AU - Grosse-Wortmann, Lars
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Academy of Pediatrics. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to characterize the clinical presentation, short-term prognosis, and myocardial tissue changes as noted on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) or cardiac MRI in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 vaccinationassociated myocarditis (C-VAM). METHODS: In this retrospective multicenter study across 16 US hospitals, patients <21 years of age with a diagnosis of C-VAM were included and compared with a cohort with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Younger children with C-VAM were compared with older adolescents. RESULTS: Sixty-three patients with a mean age of 15.6 years were included 92% were male. All had received a messenger RNA vaccine and, except for one, presented after the second dose. Four patients had significant dysrhythmia 14% had mild left ventricular dysfunction on echocardiography, which resolved on discharge88% met the diagnostic CMR Lake Louise criteria for myocarditis. Myocardial injury as evidenced by late gadolinium enhancement on CMR was more prevalent in comparison with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. None of the patients required inotropic, mechanical, or circulatory support. There were no deaths. Follow-up data obtained in 86% of patients at a mean of 35 days revealed resolution of symptoms, arrhythmias, and ventricular dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical characteristics and early outcomes are similar between the different pediatric age groups in C-VAM. The hospital course is mild, with quick clinical recovery and excellent short-term outcomes. Myocardial injury and edema are noted on CMR. Close followup and further studies are needed to understand the long-term implications and mechanism of these myocardial tissue changes.
AB - OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to characterize the clinical presentation, short-term prognosis, and myocardial tissue changes as noted on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) or cardiac MRI in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 vaccinationassociated myocarditis (C-VAM). METHODS: In this retrospective multicenter study across 16 US hospitals, patients <21 years of age with a diagnosis of C-VAM were included and compared with a cohort with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Younger children with C-VAM were compared with older adolescents. RESULTS: Sixty-three patients with a mean age of 15.6 years were included 92% were male. All had received a messenger RNA vaccine and, except for one, presented after the second dose. Four patients had significant dysrhythmia 14% had mild left ventricular dysfunction on echocardiography, which resolved on discharge88% met the diagnostic CMR Lake Louise criteria for myocarditis. Myocardial injury as evidenced by late gadolinium enhancement on CMR was more prevalent in comparison with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. None of the patients required inotropic, mechanical, or circulatory support. There were no deaths. Follow-up data obtained in 86% of patients at a mean of 35 days revealed resolution of symptoms, arrhythmias, and ventricular dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical characteristics and early outcomes are similar between the different pediatric age groups in C-VAM. The hospital course is mild, with quick clinical recovery and excellent short-term outcomes. Myocardial injury and edema are noted on CMR. Close followup and further studies are needed to understand the long-term implications and mechanism of these myocardial tissue changes.
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U2 - 10.1542/peds.2021-053427
DO - 10.1542/peds.2021-053427
M3 - Article
C2 - 34389692
AN - SCOPUS:85116312957
SN - 0031-4005
VL - 148
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
IS - 5
M1 - e2021053427
ER -