Covert visual spatial attention in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Lateral effects, methylphenidate response and results for parents

Joel T. Nigg; James M. Swanson; Stephen P. Hinshaw

doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00070-X

Covert visual spatial attention in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Lateral effects, methylphenidate response and results for parents

Joel T. Nigg, James M. Swanson, Stephen P. Hinshaw

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

106 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report three related studies of covert visual spatial orienting in child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In Study 1, we examined covert visual spatial orienting in ADHD and comparison boys, Study 2 comprised a dose-response study of methylphenidate for the ADHD group, and Study 3 was an investigation of biological and adoptive parents. In contrast with comparison subjects (n = 17), ADHD boys aged 6-12 (n = 27) showed both slower reaction times overall and within-condition (lateral) asymmetries in reaction times. Specifically, boys with ADHD reacted more slowly to uncued targets in the left visual field than in the right visual held. Responses to stimuli in the two visual fields were differentially affected by methylphenidate for the ADHD group. Medication equalized visual field responses to the uncued targets, resulting in a significant cue x dose x visual field interaction. Further, medication altered the relative cue responsivity in the two visual fields, resulting in a significant dose x visual field interaction for the Validity Effect. Biological parents of ADHD boys (n = 16) also showed slower reaction times to uncued left visual field targets than to right visual field targets; in addition they showed slower response to invalidly cued targets in the right visual field. These lateral effects were not observed in adoptive parents of ADHD boys (n = 12) or biological parents of comparison boys (n = 14). Possible abnormal hemispheric asymmetry of attention functions in boys with ADHD and their biological parents is discussed.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	165-176
Number of pages	12
Journal	Neuropsychologia
Volume	35
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00070-X
State	Published - Dec 16 1996
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

ADHD
Asymmetry
Genetics
Visual orienting

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Behavioral Neuroscience

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10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00070-X

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title = "Covert visual spatial attention in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Lateral effects, methylphenidate response and results for parents",

abstract = "We report three related studies of covert visual spatial orienting in child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In Study 1, we examined covert visual spatial orienting in ADHD and comparison boys, Study 2 comprised a dose-response study of methylphenidate for the ADHD group, and Study 3 was an investigation of biological and adoptive parents. In contrast with comparison subjects (n = 17), ADHD boys aged 6-12 (n = 27) showed both slower reaction times overall and within-condition (lateral) asymmetries in reaction times. Specifically, boys with ADHD reacted more slowly to uncued targets in the left visual field than in the right visual held. Responses to stimuli in the two visual fields were differentially affected by methylphenidate for the ADHD group. Medication equalized visual field responses to the uncued targets, resulting in a significant cue x dose x visual field interaction. Further, medication altered the relative cue responsivity in the two visual fields, resulting in a significant dose x visual field interaction for the Validity Effect. Biological parents of ADHD boys (n = 16) also showed slower reaction times to uncued left visual field targets than to right visual field targets; in addition they showed slower response to invalidly cued targets in the right visual field. These lateral effects were not observed in adoptive parents of ADHD boys (n = 12) or biological parents of comparison boys (n = 14). Possible abnormal hemispheric asymmetry of attention functions in boys with ADHD and their biological parents is discussed.",

keywords = "ADHD, Asymmetry, Genetics, Visual orienting",

author = "Nigg, {Joel T.} and Swanson, {James M.} and Hinshaw, {Stephen P.}",

note = "Funding Information: Primary work on this investigation was supported by National Institute of Health Research Service Award fellowship F31 MH10462-01 to Joel T. Nigg, and National Institute of Mental Health Grant RO1 MH45064 to Stephen P. Hinshaw. The authors wish to acknowledge the helpful comments of Richard Ivry, Michael Posner, Joseph Sergeant, and the anonymous reviewers on earlier versions of this article. We thank Gina Condon for assistance with data management and Geoff Keppel for consultation regarding data analysis, and we acknowledge the many staff members of the summer program in which the experiments were conducted and the enthusiastic participation of the children and families. ",

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doi = "10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00070-X",

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N1 - Funding Information: Primary work on this investigation was supported by National Institute of Health Research Service Award fellowship F31 MH10462-01 to Joel T. Nigg, and National Institute of Mental Health Grant RO1 MH45064 to Stephen P. Hinshaw. The authors wish to acknowledge the helpful comments of Richard Ivry, Michael Posner, Joseph Sergeant, and the anonymous reviewers on earlier versions of this article. We thank Gina Condon for assistance with data management and Geoff Keppel for consultation regarding data analysis, and we acknowledge the many staff members of the summer program in which the experiments were conducted and the enthusiastic participation of the children and families.

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N2 - We report three related studies of covert visual spatial orienting in child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In Study 1, we examined covert visual spatial orienting in ADHD and comparison boys, Study 2 comprised a dose-response study of methylphenidate for the ADHD group, and Study 3 was an investigation of biological and adoptive parents. In contrast with comparison subjects (n = 17), ADHD boys aged 6-12 (n = 27) showed both slower reaction times overall and within-condition (lateral) asymmetries in reaction times. Specifically, boys with ADHD reacted more slowly to uncued targets in the left visual field than in the right visual held. Responses to stimuli in the two visual fields were differentially affected by methylphenidate for the ADHD group. Medication equalized visual field responses to the uncued targets, resulting in a significant cue x dose x visual field interaction. Further, medication altered the relative cue responsivity in the two visual fields, resulting in a significant dose x visual field interaction for the Validity Effect. Biological parents of ADHD boys (n = 16) also showed slower reaction times to uncued left visual field targets than to right visual field targets; in addition they showed slower response to invalidly cued targets in the right visual field. These lateral effects were not observed in adoptive parents of ADHD boys (n = 12) or biological parents of comparison boys (n = 14). Possible abnormal hemispheric asymmetry of attention functions in boys with ADHD and their biological parents is discussed.

AB - We report three related studies of covert visual spatial orienting in child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In Study 1, we examined covert visual spatial orienting in ADHD and comparison boys, Study 2 comprised a dose-response study of methylphenidate for the ADHD group, and Study 3 was an investigation of biological and adoptive parents. In contrast with comparison subjects (n = 17), ADHD boys aged 6-12 (n = 27) showed both slower reaction times overall and within-condition (lateral) asymmetries in reaction times. Specifically, boys with ADHD reacted more slowly to uncued targets in the left visual field than in the right visual held. Responses to stimuli in the two visual fields were differentially affected by methylphenidate for the ADHD group. Medication equalized visual field responses to the uncued targets, resulting in a significant cue x dose x visual field interaction. Further, medication altered the relative cue responsivity in the two visual fields, resulting in a significant dose x visual field interaction for the Validity Effect. Biological parents of ADHD boys (n = 16) also showed slower reaction times to uncued left visual field targets than to right visual field targets; in addition they showed slower response to invalidly cued targets in the right visual field. These lateral effects were not observed in adoptive parents of ADHD boys (n = 12) or biological parents of comparison boys (n = 14). Possible abnormal hemispheric asymmetry of attention functions in boys with ADHD and their biological parents is discussed.

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Covert visual spatial attention in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Lateral effects, methylphenidate response and results for parents

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Keywords

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