Convergent neurobiological predictors of emergent psychopathology during adolescence

Scott A. Jones, Angelica M. Morales, Jessye B. Lavine, Bonnie J. Nagel

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

The adolescent brain undergoes significant structural and functional development. Through the use of magnetic resonance imaging in adolescents, it has been demonstrated that the prefrontal cortex, pertinent for executive control, demonstrates protracted development compared to limbic structures, active during emotion and reward processing. This asynchronous development creates a sensitive window during adolescence, in which many psychopathological disorders (i.e., mental health and substance use) emerge. This review outlines longitudinal studies that use magnetic resonance imaging to identify neurobiological predictors of emergent psychopathology (depression, anxiety, and substance use), during adolescence. Studies identifying neurobiological markers that predict onset and escalation of these disorders, as well as those that predict successful treatment outcomes are explored. An emphasis is placed on frontolimbic brain structures, a convergent neurobiological target for both emergent mental health issues and emergent substance use. The literature reviewed herein suggests that reduced volume and cortical thickness in frontolimbic regions, as well as reduced functional activation (particularly during task involving reward or emotional stimuli) in these regions, may serve as a neurobiological predictors of emergent psychopathology in adolescence. This knowledge is crucial, as it may be used to develop neurobiologically targeted prevention and intervention strategies for youth who are at-risk for developing these psychopathologies.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1613-1622
Number of pages10
JournalBirth Defects Research
Volume109
Issue number20
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2017

Keywords

  • MRI
  • adolescence
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • longitudinal
  • substance use

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
  • Embryology
  • Toxicology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Convergent neurobiological predictors of emergent psychopathology during adolescence'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this