TY - JOUR
T1 - Competition and Caries on Enamel of a Dual-Species Biofilm Model with Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis
AU - Díaz-Garrido, Natalia
AU - Lozano, Carla P.
AU - Kreth, Jens
AU - Giacaman, Rodrigo A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2020/11
Y1 - 2020/11
N2 - Imbalances within the dental biofilm trigger dental caries, currently consid- ered a dysbiosis and the most prevalent noncommunicable disease. There is still a gap in knowledge about the dynamics of enamel colonization by bacteria from the dental biofilm in caries. The aim, therefore, was to test whether the sequence of enamel coloni-zation by a typically commensal and a cariogenic species modifies biofilm's cariogenicity. Dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis on saliva-coated enamel slabs were inoculated in different sequences: S. mutans followed by S. sanguinis (Sm-Ss), S. sanguinis followed by S. mutans (Ss-Sm), S. mutans and S. sanguinis inoculated at the same time (Sm=Ss), and the single-species controls S. mutans followed by S. mutans (Sm-Sm) and S. sanguinis followed by S. sanguinis (Ss-Ss). Biofilms were ex-posed to 10% sucrose 3 times per day for 5 days, and the slabs/biofilms were retrieved to assess demineralization, viable cells, biomass, proteins, polysaccharides, and H202 pro-duction. Compared with Sm-Sm, primary inoculation with S. sanguinis reduced deminer-alization (P < 0.05). Both Ss-Sm and Sm=Ss sequences showed reduction in biomass, protein, and polysaccharide content (P < 0.05). The highest S. sanguinis viable count and H202 production level and the lowest acidogenicity were observed when S. sanguinis colonized enamel before S. mutans (P < 0.05). Initial enamel adherence with commensal biofilms seems to induce more intense competition against more typically cariogenic species, reducing cariogenicity.
AB - Imbalances within the dental biofilm trigger dental caries, currently consid- ered a dysbiosis and the most prevalent noncommunicable disease. There is still a gap in knowledge about the dynamics of enamel colonization by bacteria from the dental biofilm in caries. The aim, therefore, was to test whether the sequence of enamel coloni-zation by a typically commensal and a cariogenic species modifies biofilm's cariogenicity. Dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis on saliva-coated enamel slabs were inoculated in different sequences: S. mutans followed by S. sanguinis (Sm-Ss), S. sanguinis followed by S. mutans (Ss-Sm), S. mutans and S. sanguinis inoculated at the same time (Sm=Ss), and the single-species controls S. mutans followed by S. mutans (Sm-Sm) and S. sanguinis followed by S. sanguinis (Ss-Ss). Biofilms were ex-posed to 10% sucrose 3 times per day for 5 days, and the slabs/biofilms were retrieved to assess demineralization, viable cells, biomass, proteins, polysaccharides, and H202 pro-duction. Compared with Sm-Sm, primary inoculation with S. sanguinis reduced deminer-alization (P < 0.05). Both Ss-Sm and Sm=Ss sequences showed reduction in biomass, protein, and polysaccharide content (P < 0.05). The highest S. sanguinis viable count and H202 production level and the lowest acidogenicity were observed when S. sanguinis colonized enamel before S. mutans (P < 0.05). Initial enamel adherence with commensal biofilms seems to induce more intense competition against more typically cariogenic species, reducing cariogenicity.
KW - Streptococcus mutans
KW - Streptococcus sanguinis
KW - cariogenicity
KW - colonization
KW - competition
KW - dental caries
KW - oral biofilm
KW - primary
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U2 - 10.1128/AEM.01262-20
DO - 10.1128/AEM.01262-20
M3 - Article
C2 - 32826216
AN - SCOPUS:85093539033
SN - 0099-2240
VL - 86
JO - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
IS - 21
M1 - e01262-20
ER -