TY - JOUR
T1 - Cocaine exposure in fetal rhesus monkey
T2 - Consequences for dopamine and D2-like receptor binding densities
AU - Fang, Yuan
AU - Janowsky, Aaron
AU - Rønnekleiv, Oline K.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Drs. Martin J. Kelly and David K. Grandy for critical reading of the manuscript and Mr. Barry R. Naylor for technical assistance. This work was supported by the Medical Research Foundation of Oregon (to O.K.R.), the US Department of Health and Services Grants DA-07165 (to O.K.R.), the VA Merit Review (to A.J.) and NIDA contract #NO10A-3-8303 (to A.J.), the Population P30 Program Project Grant HD-18185, and the Animal Resources Branch Grant RR-00163 for operation of the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center. (−)-Cocaine hydrochloride was obtained from the Research Triangle Institute (Research Triangle Park, NC) through the National Institute of Drug Abuse (Bethesda, MD) distribution program.
PY - 1997/12/19
Y1 - 1997/12/19
N2 - Previously we found that dopamine D1-, D2- and D5-receptor mRNA subtypes are significantly increased in the rostral forebrain of fetal monkeys exposed to cocaine. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether cocaine exposure during gestation also increases dopamine receptor binding densities in the fetal brain. Pregnant monkeys were treated with cocaine (3 mg/kg, i.m, n = 3) or physiological saline (n = 3), 4 times per day from day 22 of pregnancy until day 70. Quantitative receptor autoradiography of dopamine D1-like receptors was performed on day-70 fetal brain sections using [3H]SCH23390. [3H]Spiperone was used to characterize dopamine De-like receptors. Image analysis of receptor autoradiograms revealed a high-density dopamine D1-like receptor binding in the striatum, nucleus accumbens (ACB) and the substantia nigra (SN), whereas lower binding densities were observed in the frontal cortex and the habenula (Hb). Dopamine D2-like receptor binding was also found in the frontal cortex, striatum and ACB, but was not detected in the Hb or SN. The patter of dopemine receptor distribution was the same in both control and cocaine-treated animals. However, there was a significant increase in the density of sites for D1- like receptors in the striatum (P < 0.05) and SN (P < 0.01) and for D2-like receptors in the striatum (P < 0.01) of cocaine-treated animals versus saline-treated controls. These findings suggest that D1- and D2-like receptors are present in dopamine target neurons, whereas D2-like autoreceptors can not be detected in day-70 fetal monkey midbrain. The present results provide further support for the hypothesis that gestational cocaine exposure causes reduced synthesis and release of dopamine which leads to dopamine D1- and D2-receptor up-regulation in dopamine target neurons.
AB - Previously we found that dopamine D1-, D2- and D5-receptor mRNA subtypes are significantly increased in the rostral forebrain of fetal monkeys exposed to cocaine. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether cocaine exposure during gestation also increases dopamine receptor binding densities in the fetal brain. Pregnant monkeys were treated with cocaine (3 mg/kg, i.m, n = 3) or physiological saline (n = 3), 4 times per day from day 22 of pregnancy until day 70. Quantitative receptor autoradiography of dopamine D1-like receptors was performed on day-70 fetal brain sections using [3H]SCH23390. [3H]Spiperone was used to characterize dopamine De-like receptors. Image analysis of receptor autoradiograms revealed a high-density dopamine D1-like receptor binding in the striatum, nucleus accumbens (ACB) and the substantia nigra (SN), whereas lower binding densities were observed in the frontal cortex and the habenula (Hb). Dopamine D2-like receptor binding was also found in the frontal cortex, striatum and ACB, but was not detected in the Hb or SN. The patter of dopemine receptor distribution was the same in both control and cocaine-treated animals. However, there was a significant increase in the density of sites for D1- like receptors in the striatum (P < 0.05) and SN (P < 0.01) and for D2-like receptors in the striatum (P < 0.01) of cocaine-treated animals versus saline-treated controls. These findings suggest that D1- and D2-like receptors are present in dopamine target neurons, whereas D2-like autoreceptors can not be detected in day-70 fetal monkey midbrain. The present results provide further support for the hypothesis that gestational cocaine exposure causes reduced synthesis and release of dopamine which leads to dopamine D1- and D2-receptor up-regulation in dopamine target neurons.
KW - Dopamine
KW - Gestation
KW - Macaque
KW - Receptor autoradiography
KW - Striatum
KW - Substantia nigra
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U2 - 10.1016/S0165-3806(97)00151-X
DO - 10.1016/S0165-3806(97)00151-X
M3 - Article
C2 - 9466719
AN - SCOPUS:0031578749
SN - 0165-3806
VL - 104
SP - 163
EP - 174
JO - Developmental Brain Research
JF - Developmental Brain Research
IS - 1-2
ER -