TY - JOUR
T1 - Children with severe early childhood caries
T2 - Streptococci genetic strains within carious and white spot lesions
AU - Gilbert, Kenneth
AU - Joseph, Raphael
AU - Vo, Alex
AU - Patel, Trusha
AU - Chaudhry, Samiya
AU - Nguyen, Uyen
AU - Trevor, Amy
AU - Robinson, Erica
AU - Campbell, Margaret
AU - McLennan, John
AU - Houran, Farielle
AU - Wong, Tristan
AU - Flann, Kendra
AU - Wages, Melissa
AU - Palmer, Elizabeth A.
AU - Peterson, John
AU - Engle, John
AU - Maier, Tom
AU - Machida, Curtis A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Kenneth Gilbert et al.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Background and objectives: Mutans streptococci (MS) are one of the major microbiological determinants of dental caries. The objectives of this study are to identify distinct MS and non-MS streptococci strains that are located at carious sites and non-carious enamel surfaces in children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC), and assess if cariogenic MS and non-cariogenic streptococci might independently exist as primary bacterial strains on distinct sites within the dentition of individual children. Design: Dental plaque from children (N=20; aged 3-6) with S-ECC was collected from carious lesions (CLs), white spot lesions (WSLs) and non-carious enamel surfaces. Streptococcal isolates (N=10-20) from each site were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify MS, and arbitrarily primed-PCR for assignment of genetic strains. Primary strains were identified as ≥50% of the total isolates surveyed at any site. In several cases, strains were characterized for acidurity using ATP-driven bioluminescence and subjected to PCRdetermination of potentialMSvirulence products. Identification of non-MS was determined by 16S rRNAgene sequencing. Results: Sixty-four independent MS or non-MS streptococcal strains were identified. All children contained 1-6 strains. In many patients (N=11), single primary MS strains were identified throughout the dentition. In other patients (N=4), primary MS strains were identified within CLs that were distinct from primary strains found on enamel. Streptococcus gordonii strains were identified as primary strains on enamel or WSLs in four children, and in general were less aciduric than MS strains. Conclusions: Many children with S-ECC contained only a single primary MS strain that was present in both carious and non-carious sites. In some cases, MS and non-cariogenic S. gordonii strains were found to independently exist as dominant strains at different locations within the dentition of individual children, and the aciduric potential of these strains may influence susceptibility in the development of CLs.
AB - Background and objectives: Mutans streptococci (MS) are one of the major microbiological determinants of dental caries. The objectives of this study are to identify distinct MS and non-MS streptococci strains that are located at carious sites and non-carious enamel surfaces in children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC), and assess if cariogenic MS and non-cariogenic streptococci might independently exist as primary bacterial strains on distinct sites within the dentition of individual children. Design: Dental plaque from children (N=20; aged 3-6) with S-ECC was collected from carious lesions (CLs), white spot lesions (WSLs) and non-carious enamel surfaces. Streptococcal isolates (N=10-20) from each site were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify MS, and arbitrarily primed-PCR for assignment of genetic strains. Primary strains were identified as ≥50% of the total isolates surveyed at any site. In several cases, strains were characterized for acidurity using ATP-driven bioluminescence and subjected to PCRdetermination of potentialMSvirulence products. Identification of non-MS was determined by 16S rRNAgene sequencing. Results: Sixty-four independent MS or non-MS streptococcal strains were identified. All children contained 1-6 strains. In many patients (N=11), single primary MS strains were identified throughout the dentition. In other patients (N=4), primary MS strains were identified within CLs that were distinct from primary strains found on enamel. Streptococcus gordonii strains were identified as primary strains on enamel or WSLs in four children, and in general were less aciduric than MS strains. Conclusions: Many children with S-ECC contained only a single primary MS strain that was present in both carious and non-carious sites. In some cases, MS and non-cariogenic S. gordonii strains were found to independently exist as dominant strains at different locations within the dentition of individual children, and the aciduric potential of these strains may influence susceptibility in the development of CLs.
KW - Distribution of genotypic mutans
KW - Oral streptococci
KW - Severe early childhood caries
KW - Streptococcal strains
KW - Streptococcus gordonii
KW - Streptococcus mutans
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84979204850&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84979204850&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3402/jom.v6.25805
DO - 10.3402/jom.v6.25805
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84979204850
SN - 2000-2297
VL - 6
JO - Journal of Oral Microbiology
JF - Journal of Oral Microbiology
IS - 1
M1 - 25805
ER -