TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of activities of daily living in individuals with mild cognitive impairment
AU - Jefferson, Angela L.
AU - Byerly, Laura K.
AU - Vanderhill, Susan
AU - Lambe, Susan
AU - Wong, Sarah
AU - Ozonoff, Al
AU - Karlawish, Jason H.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Drs. Deborah Cahn-Weiner and Tania Giovannetti for their insightful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This research was supported by R03-AG026610 (to ALJ), R03-AG027480 (to ALJ), K12-HD043444 (to ALJ), K23-AG030962 ( Paul B. Beeson Career Development Award in Aging ; to ALJ), P30-AG013846 ( Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Core Center ), M01-RR00533 ( General Clinical Research Centers Program of the National Center for Research Resources, NIH ), R01-AG020627 (to JHK), the Marion S. Ware Alzheimer Program (to JHK), and P30-AG10124 ( University of Pennsylvania Alzheimer's Disease Core Center ).
PY - 2008/5
Y1 - 2008/5
N2 - Objective: To determine whether participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) differ from cognitively normal (NC) older adults on traditional and novel informant-based measures of activities of daily living (ADL) and to identify cognitive correlates of ADLs among participants with MCI. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: University medical setting. Participants: Seventy-seven participants (NC: N ≤ 39; MCI: N ≤ 38), 60 to 90 years old (73.5 ± 6.6 years; 53% female). Measurements: Neuropsychological and ADL measures. Methods: Neuropsychological tests were administered to NC and MCI participants. Informants completed the Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Physical Self-Maintenance Scale, including instrumental (IADL) and basic ADL (BADL) scales, as well as the Functional Capacities for Activities of Daily Living (FC-ADL), an error-based ADL measure. Results: No statistically or clinically significant between-group differences emerged for the BADL or IADL subscales. However, a robust difference was noted for the FC-ADL scale (MCI errors > NC errors; F(1,75)≤ 13.6, p <0.001; d ≤ 0.84). Among MCI participants, correlations revealed that a measure of verbal learning was the only neuropsychological correlate of FC-ADL total score (r ≤ ĝ̂'0.39, df ≤ 36, p ≤ 0.007). No neuropsychological measures were significantly associated with the IADL or BADL subscale score. Conclusion: Traditional measures assessing global ADLs may not be sensitive to early functional changes related to MCI; however, error-based measures may capture the subtle evolving functional decline associated with MCI. Among MCI participants, early functional difficulties are associated with verbal learning performance, possibly secondary to the hallmark cognitive impairment associated with this cohort.
AB - Objective: To determine whether participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) differ from cognitively normal (NC) older adults on traditional and novel informant-based measures of activities of daily living (ADL) and to identify cognitive correlates of ADLs among participants with MCI. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: University medical setting. Participants: Seventy-seven participants (NC: N ≤ 39; MCI: N ≤ 38), 60 to 90 years old (73.5 ± 6.6 years; 53% female). Measurements: Neuropsychological and ADL measures. Methods: Neuropsychological tests were administered to NC and MCI participants. Informants completed the Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Physical Self-Maintenance Scale, including instrumental (IADL) and basic ADL (BADL) scales, as well as the Functional Capacities for Activities of Daily Living (FC-ADL), an error-based ADL measure. Results: No statistically or clinically significant between-group differences emerged for the BADL or IADL subscales. However, a robust difference was noted for the FC-ADL scale (MCI errors > NC errors; F(1,75)≤ 13.6, p <0.001; d ≤ 0.84). Among MCI participants, correlations revealed that a measure of verbal learning was the only neuropsychological correlate of FC-ADL total score (r ≤ ĝ̂'0.39, df ≤ 36, p ≤ 0.007). No neuropsychological measures were significantly associated with the IADL or BADL subscale score. Conclusion: Traditional measures assessing global ADLs may not be sensitive to early functional changes related to MCI; however, error-based measures may capture the subtle evolving functional decline associated with MCI. Among MCI participants, early functional difficulties are associated with verbal learning performance, possibly secondary to the hallmark cognitive impairment associated with this cohort.
KW - Instrumental activities of daily living
KW - MCI
KW - functional errors
KW - memory
KW - neuropsychology
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U2 - 10.1097/JGP.0b013e318162f197
DO - 10.1097/JGP.0b013e318162f197
M3 - Article
C2 - 18332397
AN - SCOPUS:48649095771
SN - 1064-7481
VL - 16
SP - 375
EP - 383
JO - American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
JF - American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
IS - 5
ER -